Zhang Tao, Sun Hongwen, Qin Xiaolei, Gan Zhiwei, Kannan Kurunthachalam
College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Street, Tianjin, 300071, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Apr;22(7):5572-9. doi: 10.1007/s11356-014-3725-7. Epub 2014 Nov 5.
Although levels of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in human blood are well documented, information on elimination of these chemicals is limited. In this study, PFOS and PFOA were analyzed in 81 whole blood-urine paired samples from general adults and pregnant women in Tianjin, China. PFOS and PFOA were detected in 48 and 76% of adult urine (AU) samples, with geometric mean (GM) concentrations of 0.011 and 0.008 ng/mL, respectively; whereas relatively low PFOS and PFOA concentrations were found in maternal urine (MU) samples, with GM concentrations of 0.006 and 0.003 ng/mL, respectively. For PFOA, the coefficients of Pearson's correlation between whole blood concentrations and creatinine-adjusted and creatinine-unadjusted urinary concentrations were 0.348 (p = 0.013) and 0.417 (p = 0.002), respectively. The GM urinary elimination rates of PFOS (PFOSUER) and PFOA (PFOAUER) were 16 and 25%, respectively, for adults. These results indicate that urine is an important pathway of excretion of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). The partitioning ratios of PFAS concentration between urine and whole blood (PFASU/B) in pregnant women (PFOSU/B, 0.0004; PFOAU/B, 0.0011) were significantly lower (p = 0.025 for PFOSU/B, p = 0.017 for PFOAU/B) than the ratios found in non-pregnant women (PFOSU/B, 0.0013; PFOAU/B, 0.0028). Furthermore, our results suggest a clear gender difference in the urinary elimination of PFOA, with male adults (31%) having significantly higher PFOAUER than that of female adults (19%). PFOSUER was significantly inversely correlated with age (r = -0.334, p = 0.015); these findings suggest that urinary elimination of PFOS is faster in young adults than in the elderly.
尽管人体血液中全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）的含量已有充分记录，但关于这些化学物质消除情况的信息却很有限。在本研究中，对来自中国天津普通成年人及孕妇的81对全血 - 尿液样本中的PFOS和PFOA进行了分析。在48%的成年尿液（AU）样本中检测到PFOS，在76%的成年尿液样本中检测到PFOA，其几何平均（GM）浓度分别为0.011和0.008 ng/mL；而在孕妇尿液（MU）样本中发现的PFOS和PFOA浓度相对较低，GM浓度分别为0.006和0.003 ng/mL。对于PFOA，全血浓度与肌酐校正及未校正尿浓度之间的Pearson相关系数分别为0.348（p = 0.013）和0.417（p = 0.002）。成年人中PFOS的GM尿排泄率（PFOSUER）和PFOA的GM尿排泄率（PFOAUER）分别为16%和25%。这些结果表明尿液是全氟烷基物质（PFASs）排泄的重要途径。孕妇尿液与全血中PFAS浓度的分配比（PFASU/B，PFOSU/B为0.0004；PFOAU/B为0.0011）显著低于非孕妇（PFOSU/B为0.0013；PFOAU/B为0.0028）（PFOSU/B，p = 0.025；PFOAU/B，p = 0.017）。此外，我们的结果表明在PFOA的尿排泄方面存在明显的性别差异，成年男性（31%）的PFOAUER显著高于成年女性（19%）。PFOSUER与年龄显著负相关（r = -0.334，p = 0.015）；这些发现表明年轻人中PFOS的尿排泄速度比老年人快。
