da Silva Joyce Kelly R, Silva José Rogério A, Nascimento Soelange B, da Luz Shirlley F M, Meireles Erisléia N, Alves Cláudio N, Ramos Alessandra R, Maia José Guilherme S
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
Laboratório de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento de Fármacos, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil.
Molecules. 2014 Nov 4;19(11):17926-42. doi: 10.3390/molecules191117926.
Fusarium disease causes considerable losses in the cultivation of Piper nigrum, the black pepper used in the culinary world. Brazil was the largest producer of black pepper, but in recent years has lost this hegemony, with a significant reduction in its production, due to the ravages produced by the Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, the fungus which causes this disease. Scientific research seeks new alternatives for the control and the existence of other Piper species in the Brazilian Amazon, resistant to disease, are being considered in this context. The main constituents of the oil of Piper divaricatum are methyleugenol (75.0%) and eugenol (10.0%). The oil and these two main constituents were tested individually at concentrations of 0.25 to 2.5 mg/mL against F. solani f. sp. piperis, exhibiting strong antifungal index, from 18.0% to 100.0%. The 3D structure of the β-glucosidase from Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis, obtained by homology modeling, was used for molecular docking and molecular electrostatic potential calculations in order to determine the binding energy of the natural substrates glucose, methyleugenol and eugenol. The results showed that β-glucosidase (Asp45, Arg113, Lys146, Tyr193, Asp225, Trp226 and Leu99) residues play an important role in the interactions that occur between the protein-substrate and the engenol and methyleugenol inhibitors, justifying the antifungal action of these two phenylpropenes against Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis.
镰刀菌病在胡椒（烹饪界使用的黑胡椒）种植中造成了相当大的损失。巴西曾是最大的黑胡椒生产国，但近年来由于引起这种疾病的真菌——茄病镰刀菌胡椒专化型（Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis）的肆虐，失去了这一霸主地位，其产量大幅下降。在此背景下，科学研究正在寻找新的防治方法，巴西亚马逊地区其他抗病的胡椒品种的存在也在被考虑之中。歧花胡椒（Piper divaricatum）油的主要成分是甲基丁香酚（75.0%）和丁香酚（10.0%）。该油及其这两种主要成分分别在0.25至2.5 mg/mL的浓度下针对茄病镰刀菌胡椒专化型进行了测试，表现出18.0%至100.0%的强大抗真菌指数。通过同源建模获得的茄病镰刀菌胡椒专化型β-葡萄糖苷酶的三维结构被用于分子对接和分子静电势计算，以确定天然底物葡萄糖、甲基丁香酚和丁香酚的结合能。结果表明，β-葡萄糖苷酶（Asp45、Arg113、Lys146、Tyr193、Asp225、Trp226和Leu99）残基在蛋白质-底物以及丁香酚和甲基丁香酚抑制剂之间发生的相互作用中起重要作用，这证明了这两种苯丙烯对茄病镰刀菌胡椒专化型的抗真菌作用。
