Doki Shotaro, Sasahara Shinichiro, Matsuzaki Ichiyo
Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2015 Aug;88(6):659-67. doi: 10.1007/s00420-014-0996-8. Epub 2014 Nov 8.
The effects of interventions by occupational health services on sick leave prompted by psychiatric disorders were examined with respect to intervention method and the number of sick leave days.
The intervention methods used by occupational health services were systematically reviewed by searching three databases and manual searching. A meta-analysis of the number of sick leave days comparing the intervention group [intervention + care as usual (CAU)] and control group (CAU alone) was performed. In addition, subanalyses were conducted for the duration until sick-listed workers' return to work after sick leave (Subgroup 1) and the number of non-sick-listed workers' total sick leave days (Subgroup 2).
Ten studies were extracted and integrated, and the subjects were subsequently sorted into the intervention group (n = 434, 322, and 756 in subgroup 1, subgroup 2, and total, respectively) and control group (n = 413, 385, and 798 in subgroup 1, subgroup 2, and total, respectively). All studies employed an intervention method of problem-solving treatment or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups in subgroup 1 or 2. However, the combined intervention group had significantly fewer total sick leave days than the combined control group (mean difference -6.64 days, 95% CI -12.68 to -0.59, I(2) = 0%).
The combined study of sick-listed and non-sick-listed workers indicates occupational health services implement problem-solving treatment or CBT interventions, which can shorten total sick leave duration.
从干预方法和病假天数方面,研究职业健康服务干预对精神障碍导致的病假的影响。
通过检索三个数据库并手工检索,系统回顾职业健康服务所使用的干预方法。对干预组(干预+常规护理)和对照组(仅常规护理)的病假天数进行荟萃分析。此外,对病假员工病假后恢复工作的持续时间(亚组1)和未病假员工的总病假天数(亚组2)进行亚组分析。
提取并整合了10项研究,随后将受试者分为干预组(亚组1、亚组2和总计分别为n = 434、322和756)和对照组(亚组1、亚组2和总计分别为n = 413、385和798)。所有研究均采用问题解决疗法或认知行为疗法(CBT)作为干预方法。亚组1或亚组2中干预组和对照组之间无显著差异。然而,合并后的干预组总病假天数明显少于合并后的对照组(平均差异-6.64天,95%置信区间-12.68至-0.59,I² = 0%)。
对病假员工和未病假员工的综合研究表明,职业健康服务实施问题解决疗法或CBT干预可缩短总病假时长。