Khubchandani Jagdish, Price James H
Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA,
J Community Health. 2015 Jun;40(3):555-63. doi: 10.1007/s10900-014-9971-2.
Most research on workplace harassment originates from European countries.Prevalence of workplace harassment and associated morbidity has not been well studied in the United States. The purpose of this study was to assess in a sample of US workers the prevalence of workplace harassment and the psychological and physical health consequences of workplace harassment. The 2010 National Health Interview Survey data were analyzed in 2014 for this study. We computed the prevalence of workplace harassment, assessed the demographic and background characteristics of victims of harassment, and tested the association between harassment and selected health risk factors by using logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was established as p < 0.01. A total of 17,524 adults were included in our study (51.5% females and 74.9% Whites). A little <1 in 10 (8.1%) reported being harassed in the workplace in the past 12 months. The odds of harassment were significantly higher for females (OR 1.47, p < 0.001),multiracial individuals (OR 2.30, p < 0.001), and divorced or separated individuals (OR 1.88, p < 0.001). Victims of harassment were significantly more likely to: be obese, sleep less, and smoke more. In addition, harassment was associated with psychosocial distress, pain disorders, work loss, bed days, and worsening health of employees in the past 12 months. Analysis was stratified by gender and distinct health risk patterns for men and women victims were observed. Workplace harassment in the US is associated with significant health risk factors and morbidity. Workplace policies and protocols can play a significant role in reducing harassment and the associated negative health outcomes.
大多数关于职场骚扰的研究都源于欧洲国家。在美国，职场骚扰的发生率及其相关发病率尚未得到充分研究。本研究的目的是评估美国工人样本中职场骚扰的发生率以及职场骚扰对心理和身体健康的影响。2014年对2010年全国健康访谈调查数据进行了此项研究分析。我们计算了职场骚扰的发生率，评估了骚扰受害者的人口统计学和背景特征，并通过逻辑回归分析测试了骚扰与选定健康风险因素之间的关联。统计学显著性设定为p < 0.01。我们的研究共纳入了17,524名成年人（51.5%为女性，74.9%为白人）。在过去12个月中，每10人中略少于1人（8.1%）报告在工作场所受到骚扰。女性（优势比1.47，p < 0.001）、多种族个体（优势比2.30，p < 0.001）以及离婚或分居个体（优势比1.88，p < 0.001）受到骚扰的几率显著更高。骚扰受害者明显更有可能：肥胖、睡眠不足和吸烟更多。此外，在过去12个月中，骚扰与心理社会困扰、疼痛障碍、工作损失、卧床天数以及员工健康状况恶化有关。分析按性别分层，观察到男性和女性受害者不同的健康风险模式。美国的职场骚扰与重大健康风险因素和发病率相关。职场政策和规程在减少骚扰及相关负面健康结果方面可发挥重要作用。
