Fidelis Gabriel Pereira, Camara Rafael Barros Gomes, Queiroz Moacir Fernandes, Santos Pereira Costa Mariana Santana, Santos Pablo Castro, Rocha Hugo Alexandre Oliveira, Costa Leandro Silva
Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymers (BIOPOL), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
Molecules. 2014 Nov 13;19(11):18511-26. doi: 10.3390/molecules191118511.
The sulfated polysaccharides (SP) from the edible red seaweed, Gracilaria birdiae, were obtained using five different extraction conditions: Gracilaria birdiae 1 (GB1)-water; GB1s-water/sonication; GB1sp-water/sonication/proteolysis; GB2s-NaOH/sonication; and GB2sp-NaOH/sonication/proteolysis. The yield (g) increased in the following order: GB2sp>GB1sp>GB2s>GB1s>GB1. However, the amount of SP extracted increased in a different way: GB2sp>GB1>GB1sp>GB1s>GB2s. Infrared and electrophoresis analysis showed that all conditions extracted the same SP. In addition, monosaccharide composition showed that ultrasound promotes the extraction of polysaccharides other than SP. In the prothrombin time (PT) test, which evaluates the extrinsic coagulation pathway, none of the samples showed anticoagulant activity. While in the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test, which evaluates the intrinsic coagulation pathway, all samples showed anticoagulant activity, except GB2s. The aPTT activity decreased in the order of GB1sp>GB2sp>GB1>GB1s>GB2s. The total capacity antioxidant (TCA) of the SP was also affected by extraction condition, since GB2s and GB1 showed lower activity in comparison to the other conditions. In conclusion, the conditions of SP extraction influence their biological activities and chemical composition. The data revealed that NaOH/sonication/proteolysis was the best condition to extract anticoagulant and antioxidant SPs from Gracilaria birdiae.
采用五种不同的提取条件从可食用红藻伯德江蓠（Gracilaria birdiae）中获得硫酸化多糖（SP）：伯德江蓠1（GB1）-水提法；GB1s-水/超声法；GB1sp-水/超声/蛋白酶解法；GB2s-NaOH/超声法；GB2sp-NaOH/超声/蛋白酶解法。产率（克）按以下顺序增加：GB2sp>GB1sp>GB2s>GB1s>GB1。然而，提取的SP量以不同方式增加：GB2sp>GB1>GB1sp>GB1s>GB2s。红外和电泳分析表明，所有条件下提取的SP相同。此外，单糖组成表明，超声促进了除SP之外的多糖的提取。在评估外源性凝血途径的凝血酶原时间（PT）试验中，所有样品均未显示抗凝活性。而在评估内源性凝血途径的活化部分凝血活酶时间（aPTT）试验中，除GB2s外，所有样品均显示抗凝活性。aPTT活性按GB1sp>GB2sp>GB1>GB1s>GB2s的顺序降低。SP的总抗氧化能力（TCA）也受提取条件的影响，因为与其他条件相比，GB2s和GB1的活性较低。总之，SP的提取条件影响其生物活性和化学组成。数据表明，NaOH/超声/蛋白酶解法是从伯德江蓠中提取具有抗凝和抗氧化作用的SP的最佳条件。
