根据五种营养成分剖析方案对即食早餐谷物的健康相关包装说明及营养价值进行评估。
Health-related on-pack communication and nutritional value of ready-to-eat breakfast cereals evaluated against five nutrient profiling schemes.
作者信息
Maschkowski Gesa, Hartmann Monika, Hoffmann Julia
机构信息
Institute for Food and Resource Economics, Bonn University, Nussallee 21, Building 2, Bonn 53115, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2014 Nov 19;14:1178. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1178.
BACKGROUND
There is an ongoing debate regarding health-related on-pack information appearing on products with low nutritional quality. The purpose of the study was to contribute to this discussion by examining the relationship between health-related on-pack information and the overall nutritional value of highly processed ready-to-eat breakfast cereals (RTECs).
METHODS
Maximum variation sampling was used to select 128 highly processed RTECs in Germany in 2010. In 2012, two additional samples were collected in Norway (n =38) and Germany (n =73) to allow for comparisons of products from countries with different regulations concerning nutrient profiles. All products were evaluated against five nutrient profiling models from government-related agencies. Mann-Whitney U Tests and Chi-square statistics was used to compare the nutrient profiles of different product categories. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify on-pack information on German products predicting a satisfactory nutritional profile.
RESULTS
The majority of RTECs displayed health-related information on the packaging, but only 4-36% of German products met the criteria of the different nutrient profiles. The rate was lower for cereals marketed to children, Norwegian cereals performed better (36-64%). Health-related on-pack information was not consistently related to the nutrient profiles. The following on-pack criteria predicted a satisfactory nutrient profile on RTECs of the German 2010 sample: i) cereals not marketed to children, ii) clean labelling (free-from claims) and possibly organic labelling and whole grain claims.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that the implementation of a mandatory nutrient profiling scheme for products with health-related on-pack information could contribute to a consistent relationship between health-related information on RTECs and the overall nutritional value of the product. Improvements should also consider the provision of a simple nutritional labelling scheme on the front of the packaging, standardized serving sizes, accurate product names, and clearly defined whole grain claims.
背景
关于低营养质量产品上出现的与健康相关的包装信息，目前仍存在争议。本研究的目的是通过研究与健康相关的包装信息和高度加工即食早餐谷物（RTECs）的整体营养价值之间的关系，为这一讨论提供参考。
方法
2010年在德国采用最大变异抽样法选取了128种高度加工的RTECs。2012年，在挪威（n = 38）和德国（n = 73）又收集了另外两个样本，以便比较来自不同营养素概况法规国家的产品。所有产品均根据政府相关机构的五种营养素概况模型进行评估。使用曼-惠特尼U检验和卡方统计来比较不同产品类别的营养素概况。进行逻辑回归分析以确定德国产品上预测营养概况令人满意的包装信息。
结果
大多数RTECs在包装上展示了与健康相关的信息，但只有4 - 36%的德国产品符合不同营养素概况的标准。面向儿童销售的谷物产品这一比例较低，挪威的谷物产品表现更好（36 - 64%）。与健康相关的包装信息与营养素概况之间没有始终如一的关联。以下包装标准预测了德国2010年样本的RTECs具有令人满意的营养概况：i）非面向儿童销售的谷物产品，ii）清晰标签（无宣称）以及可能的有机标签和全谷物宣称。
结论
我们的结果表明，对带有与健康相关包装信息的产品实施强制性营养素概况方案，可能有助于RTECs上与健康相关的信息和产品的整体营养价值之间建立一致的关系。改进措施还应考虑在包装正面提供简单的营养标签方案、标准化的食用份量、准确的产品名称以及明确界定的全谷物宣称。
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