Prieto Gajardo Carlos, Barrigón Morillas Juan Miguel
Acoustic Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Polytechnic School, University of Extremadura, Avda. de la Univ. s/n, 10003, Caceres, Spain.
Environ Monit Assess. 2015 Jan;187(1):4072. doi: 10.1007/s10661-014-4072-3. Epub 2014 Nov 19.
In this paper, the stabilisation times for all 24 h of the day are analysed for 12 measurement stations located in the Spanish town of Malaga and throughout 5 years (2007-2011) of sampling environmental noise levels. For the results to be generalised to sound level measurements made in other streets or cities where there have been no long-term measurements, this study was developed for different road types and urban shapes. This distinction was made according to the types of roads indicated in other studies in which a statistically significant relationship was found between noise levels and the road type. The final objective of the study is to determine the capacity to estimate and approximate the real equivalent hourly noise level (L Aeq,1h) from the integration of a number of consecutive minutes (short-term measurements) less than 60 (L Aeq,1h ≈ L Aeq,T being T ≤ 60 min). Clearly, this strategy would save time and resources by making measurements of reduced duration. In summary and according to this analysis, a short-time measurement of 15 min is adequate to work with 90% confidence levels and errors of ±2 dB, with 80% confidence levels and errors of ±1 dB, and 50% confidence levels and errors of ±0.5 dB. However, it is necessary to consider the measurement hour period to achieve these levels of confidence due to the high variability throughout the day.
在本文中，对位于西班牙马拉加市的12个测量站在5年（2007 - 2011年）期间全天24小时的环境噪声水平采样数据进行了稳定时间分析。为了将结果推广到其他街道或城市所进行的声级测量（这些地方没有长期测量数据），本研究针对不同的道路类型和城市形态展开。这种区分是根据其他研究中所指出的道路类型进行的，在这些研究中发现噪声水平与道路类型之间存在统计学上的显著关系。该研究的最终目标是确定通过整合少于60分钟的若干连续分钟（短期测量）来估计和近似实际等效小时噪声水平（(L_{Aeq,1h})）的能力（(L_{Aeq,1h} \approx L_{Aeq,T})，其中(T \leq 60)分钟）。显然，这种策略通过进行持续时间更短的测量可以节省时间和资源。综上所述，根据此分析，15分钟的短期测量足以在90%的置信水平下工作，误差为±2 dB；在80%的置信水平下，误差为±1 dB；在50%的置信水平下，误差为±0.5 dB。然而，由于全天变化较大，要达到这些置信水平，有必要考虑测量时间段。
