Cornier Marc-Andre, Shott Megan E, Thomas Elizabeth A, Bechtell Jamie L, Bessesen Daniel H, Tregellas Jason R, Frank Guido K
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA; Anschutz Health and Wellness Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Behav Brain Res. 2015 Feb 1;278:446-52. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.10.024. Epub 2014 Oct 30.
We have previously shown that propensity for weight gain, energy balance state and sex are important determinants of the neuronal response to visual food cues. It is not clear, though, whether these factors also impact the neuronal response to taste. The objective of this study was to examine the neuronal response to sweet taste during energy imbalance in men and women recruited to be obesity-prone (OP) or obesity-resistant (OR). OP (13 men and 12 women) and OR (12 men and 12 women) subjects were studied after 1 day of eucaloric, overfed and underfed conditions in a randomized crossover design. On each test day, fMRI was performed in the respective acute fed state while subjects received in random order 60 trials each of 1M sucrose solution (SU), or artificial saliva (AS) following a visual cue predicting the taste. The neuronal response to SU versus AS expectation was significantly greater in the amygdala, orbitofrontal cortex, putamen and insula in OR versus OP; SU receipt was not different between groups. There were also sex-based differences with men having greater neuronal response to SU versus AS receipt in the caudate than women. The results, however, were not impacted by the state of energy balance. In summary, response to expectation but not receipt of basic sweet taste was different in OR compared to OP, highlighting the importance of learning and conditioning in the propensity to gain weight. Response to sucrose taste receipt was stronger in men than women, raising questions about the effect of sex hormones on brain response to food.
我们之前已经表明，体重增加倾向、能量平衡状态和性别是神经元对视觉食物线索反应的重要决定因素。然而，尚不清楚这些因素是否也会影响神经元对味觉的反应。本研究的目的是在招募的易肥胖（OP）或抗肥胖（OR）的男性和女性能量失衡期间，检测神经元对甜味的反应。OP组（13名男性和12名女性）和OR组（12名男性和12名女性）受试者在随机交叉设计的等热量、过度喂养和喂养不足条件下各进行1天研究。在每个测试日，在各自的急性进食状态下进行功能磁共振成像（fMRI），同时受试者按照随机顺序在视觉线索预测味觉后分别接受60次1M蔗糖溶液（SU）或人工唾液（AS）测试。与OP组相比，OR组杏仁核、眶额皮质、壳核和脑岛对SU与AS预期的神经元反应显著更强；两组间SU接受情况无差异。在尾状核中，男性对SU与AS接受的神经元反应也存在基于性别的差异，男性比女性更强。然而，结果不受能量平衡状态的影响。总之，与OP组相比，OR组对预期而非基本甜味接受的反应不同，突出了学习和条件作用在体重增加倾向中的重要性。男性对蔗糖味觉接受的反应比女性更强，这引发了关于性激素对大脑对食物反应影响的问题。
