Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Sensory Science and Metabolism Unit, National Institute of Nursing Research, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
Nutrients. 2020 Jun 30;12(7):1942. doi: 10.3390/nu12071942.
While the global prevalence of obesity has risen among both men and women over the past 40 years, obesity has consistently been more prevalent among women relative to men. Neuroimaging studies have highlighted several potential mechanisms underlying an individual's propensity to become obese, including sex/gender differences. Obesity has been associated with structural, functional, and chemical alterations throughout the brain. Whereas changes in somatosensory regions appear to be associated with obesity in men, reward regions appear to have greater involvement in obesity among women than men. Sex/gender differences have also been observed in the neural response to taste among people with obesity. A more thorough understanding of these neural and behavioral differences will allow for more tailored interventions, including diet suggestions, for the prevention and treatment of obesity.
尽管在过去的 40 年中，男性和女性的全球肥胖患病率都有所上升，但肥胖在女性中相对男性更为普遍。神经影像学研究强调了几个潜在的个体肥胖倾向的机制，包括性别差异。肥胖与大脑的结构、功能和化学变化有关。虽然躯体感觉区域的变化似乎与男性肥胖有关，但奖励区域似乎在女性肥胖中比男性肥胖中更有涉及。在肥胖人群对味觉的神经反应中也观察到了性别差异。更深入地了解这些神经和行为差异将有助于更有针对性的干预措施，包括饮食建议，以预防和治疗肥胖。
