Piantadosi Patrick T, Holmes Ashley, Roberts Bradley M, Bailey Aileen M
St. Mary's College of Maryland, Department of Psychology, 18952 E. Fisher Road, St. Mary's City, MD 20686-3001, United States.
Brain Res. 2015 Jan 12;1594:215-22. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.041. Epub 2014 Oct 31.
Cholinergic innervation of the prefrontal cortex is critical for various forms of cognition, although the efferent modulators contributing to acetylcholine (ACh) release are not well understood. The main source of cortical ACh, the basal forebrain, receives projections from lateral and perifornical hypothalamic neurons releasing the peptides orexin (orexin A; OxA, and orexin B; OxB), of which OxA is hypothesized to play a role in various cognitive functions. We sought to assess one such function known to be susceptible to basal forebrain cholinergic manipulation, olfactory discrimination acquisition, and reversal learning, in rats following intra-basal forebrain infusion of OxA or the orexin 1 receptor (OxR1) antagonist SB-334867. OxA administration facilitated, while OxR1 antagonism impaired performance on both the acquisition and reversal portions of the task. These data suggest that orexin acting in the basal forebrain may be important for cortical-dependant executive functions, possibly through the stimulation of cortical ACh release.
前额叶皮质的胆碱能神经支配对各种认知形式至关重要，尽管对促成乙酰胆碱（ACh）释放的传出调节因子尚不完全清楚。皮质ACh的主要来源是基底前脑，它接收来自外侧和穹窿周下丘脑神经元的投射，这些神经元释放肽类食欲素（食欲素A；OxA和食欲素B；OxB），其中OxA被认为在各种认知功能中发挥作用。我们试图评估一种已知易受基底前脑胆碱能操纵影响的功能，即嗅觉辨别学习和逆向学习，在大鼠基底前脑内注入OxA或食欲素1受体（OxR1）拮抗剂SB - 334867后进行评估。给予OxA促进了任务获取和逆向学习部分的表现，而拮抗OxR1则损害了这些表现。这些数据表明，作用于基底前脑的食欲素可能对依赖皮质的执行功能很重要，可能是通过刺激皮质ACh释放来实现的。
