Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
J Hazard Mater. 2015 Mar 21;285:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.11.037. Epub 2014 Nov 27.
Synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) are extensively used as fragrances in several personal care products and have been recognized as emerging aquatic pollutants. Among SMCs, galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN) are extensively used and have been measured in aquatic ecosystems worldwide. However, their potential risk to organisms remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether 21-day exposures to HHCB and AHTN concentrations frequently measured in aquatic ecosystems can induce oxidative and genetic damage in Dreissena polymorpha. The lipid peroxidation (LPO) and protein carbonyl content (PCC) were measured as oxidative stress indexes, while the DNA precipitation assay and the micronucleus test (MN test) were applied to investigate genetic injuries. HHCB induced significant increases in LPO and PCC levels, while AHTN enhanced only protein carbonylation. Moreover, significant increases in DNA strand breaks were caused by exposure to the highest concentrations of HHCB and AHTN tested in the present study, but no fixed genetic damage was observed.
合成麝香化合物（SMCs）广泛用作多种个人护理产品的香料，已被确认为新兴的水生污染物。在 SMC 中，HHCB（佳乐麝香）和 AHTN（乙酰仙麝香）被广泛使用，并在全球水生生态系统中进行了测量。然而，它们对生物的潜在风险在很大程度上尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨在水生生态系统中经常测量的 HHCB 和 AHTN 浓度下暴露 21 天是否会导致多刺玫瑰螺体内氧化和遗传损伤。脂质过氧化（LPO）和蛋白质羰基含量（PCC）被作为氧化应激指标进行测量，而 DNA 沉淀测定和微核试验（MN 试验）被用于研究遗传损伤。HHCB 诱导 LPO 和 PCC 水平显著增加，而 AHTN 仅增强蛋白质羰基化。此外，本研究中测试的 HHCB 和 AHTN 的最高浓度暴露会导致 DNA 链断裂的显著增加，但未观察到固定的遗传损伤。
