Wikenheiser Andrew M, Redish A David
Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2015 Jun;32:8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2014.10.002. Epub 2014 Oct 17.
Tolman proposed that complex animal behavior is mediated by the cognitive map, an integrative learning system that allows animals to reconfigure previous experience in order to compute predictions about the future. The discovery of place cells in the rodent hippocampus immediately suggested a plausible neural mechanism to fulfill the 'map' component of Tolman's theory. Recent work examining hippocampal representations occurring at fast time scales suggests that these sequences might be important for supporting the inferential mental operations associated with the cognitive map function. New findings that hippocampal sequences play an important causal role in mediating adaptive behavior on a moment-by-moment basis suggest specific neural processes that may underlie Tolman's cognitive map framework.
托尔曼提出，复杂的动物行为是由认知地图介导的，认知地图是一种综合学习系统，它使动物能够重新组织先前的经验，以便对未来进行预测。啮齿动物海马体中位置细胞的发现立刻提示了一种合理的神经机制，以实现托尔曼理论中的“地图”部分。最近关于快速时间尺度下海马体表征的研究表明，这些序列可能对支持与认知地图功能相关的推理心理操作很重要。海马体序列在逐时介导适应性行为中起重要因果作用的新发现，提示了可能构成托尔曼认知地图框架基础的特定神经过程。
