Kim Jungsil, Wagenseil Jessica E
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University, One Brookings Dr., CB 1185, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
Ann Biomed Eng. 2015 Jul;43(7):1477-87. doi: 10.1007/s10439-014-1201-7. Epub 2014 Dec 3.
Models of vascular mechanics are necessary to predict the response of an artery under a variety of loads, for complex geometries, and in pathological adaptation. Classic constitutive models for arteries are phenomenological and the fitted parameters are not associated with physical components of the wall. Recently, microstructurally-linked models have been developed that associate structural information about the wall components with tissue-level mechanics. Microstructurally-linked models are useful for correlating changes in specific components with pathological outcomes, so that targeted treatments may be developed to prevent or reverse the physical changes. However, most treatments, and many causes, of vascular disease have chemical components. Chemical signaling within cells, between cells, and between cells and matrix constituents affects the biology and mechanics of the arterial wall in the short- and long-term. Hence, bio-chemo-mechanical models that include chemical signaling are critical for robust models of vascular mechanics. This review summarizes bio-mechanical and bio-chemo-mechanical models with a focus on large elastic arteries. We provide applications of these models and challenges for future work.
血管力学模型对于预测动脉在各种负荷下、复杂几何形状中以及病理适应情况下的反应是必要的。经典的动脉本构模型是唯象的，拟合参数与血管壁的物理成分无关。最近，已经开发出微观结构关联模型，将有关血管壁成分的结构信息与组织水平的力学联系起来。微观结构关联模型有助于将特定成分的变化与病理结果相关联，从而可以开发出针对性的治疗方法来预防或逆转物理变化。然而，大多数血管疾病的治疗方法以及许多病因都具有化学成分。细胞内、细胞间以及细胞与基质成分之间的化学信号在短期和长期内都会影响动脉壁的生物学特性和力学性能。因此，包含化学信号的生物化学力学模型对于强大的血管力学模型至关重要。本综述总结了生物力学和生物化学力学模型，重点关注大弹性动脉。我们提供了这些模型的应用以及未来工作面临的挑战。
