International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Eur Urol. 2015 Jun;67(6):1134-1141. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.11.001. Epub 2014 Nov 18.
Marked unexplained national variations in incidence rates of kidney cancer have been observed for decades in Europe.
To investigate geographic variations at the regional level and identify European regions with high incidence rates of kidney cancer.
Regional- and national-level incidence data were extracted from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents databases, local cancer registry databases, and local published reports. World population age-standardised rates (ASRs) were calculated for the periods 2003-2007 and 1988-1992. Rates by period and sex were compared using map visualisation.
During 2003-2007, the highest ASR was found in the Plzen region, Czech Republic (31.4/100,000 person-years in men). Other regions of the Czech Republic had ASRs of 18.6-27.5/100,000 in men, with a tendency for higher rates in regions south of Prague. Surrounding regions, including eastern Germany and regions of Slovakia and Austria, had medium-to-high incidence rates (13.0-16.8/100,000 in men). Three other areas in Europe showed higher incidence rates in men compared with the rest of the continent: Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia, and Belarus (15.0-17.6/100,000); Iceland (13.5/100,000), and northern Italy (up to 16.0/100,000). Similar regional differences were observed among women, with rates approximately half of those observed in men in the same region. In general, these regional geographic variations remained stable over the periods 1988-1992 and 2003-2007, although higher incidence rates were detected in the Baltic countries in 2003-2007.
Several European regions show particularly high rates of kidney cancer incidence. Large variations were observed within countries covered by national health-care systems, implying that overdetection is not the major factor.
We present regional geographic variations in kidney cancer incidence rates in Europe. We highlight several regions with high incidence rates where further studies should be conducted for cancer control and prevention.
几十年来，欧洲各国的肾癌发病率存在明显的无法解释的差异。
研究区域层面的地域差异，并确定肾癌发病率较高的欧洲地区。
从癌症发病率五个大陆数据库、当地癌症登记数据库和当地发表的报告中提取了地区和国家层面的发病率数据。计算了 2003-2007 年和 1988-1992 年期间的世界人口年龄标准化率（ASR）。使用地图可视化比较了不同时期和性别的发病率。
在 2003-2007 年期间，捷克共和国普日布拉姆地区的 ASR 最高（男性为 31.4/100,000 人年）。捷克共和国其他地区的男性 ASR 为 18.6-27.5/100,000，布拉格南部地区的发病率呈上升趋势。周边地区，包括德国东部、斯洛伐克和奥地利地区，发病率处于中高水平（男性为 13.0-16.8/100,000）。欧洲其他三个地区的男性发病率高于欧洲其他地区：立陶宛、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚和白俄罗斯（15.0-17.6/100,000）；冰岛（13.5/100,000）和意大利北部（最高达 16.0/100,000）。女性中也观察到类似的区域差异，同一地区女性的发病率约为男性的一半。总的来说，这些区域地理差异在 1988-1992 年和 2003-2007 年期间保持稳定，尽管 2003-2007 年期间波罗的海国家的发病率有所上升。
欧洲的几个地区显示出特别高的肾癌发病率。在覆盖国家卫生保健系统的国家内观察到了较大的差异，这意味着过度检测并不是主要因素。
我们展示了欧洲地区肾癌发病率的地域差异。我们强调了一些发病率较高的地区，应在这些地区进一步开展癌症控制和预防研究。
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