Huang Jennifer M, Hornyak Thomas J
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2015 May;28(3):330-9. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.12341. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
Melanocytes undergo rapid and significant changes in their gene expression programs at regular intervals during development and the hair follicle cycle. In melanoma, the gene expression pattern found in normal melanocytes is disrupted. These gene expression patterns are regulated in part by post-translational histone modifications catalyzed by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, which play a major role in many developmental processes and are often altered in cancer. In this review, we discuss the role of the PcG proteins in stem cell and cancer biology, in general, as well as in melanocyte development and melanomagenesis. Highlights include the discussion of newly identified treatments that target the activity of PcG proteins as well as new developments in the understanding of the role that these proteins play in melanocyte biology.
在发育过程和毛囊周期中，黑素细胞的基因表达程序会定期经历快速且显著的变化。在黑色素瘤中，正常黑素细胞中发现的基因表达模式被破坏。这些基因表达模式部分受多梳蛋白家族（PcG）催化的翻译后组蛋白修饰调控，PcG蛋白在许多发育过程中起主要作用，且在癌症中常发生改变。在本综述中，我们总体讨论了PcG蛋白在干细胞和癌症生物学中的作用，以及在黑素细胞发育和黑色素瘤发生中的作用。重点包括对靶向PcG蛋白活性的新鉴定治疗方法的讨论，以及对这些蛋白在黑素细胞生物学中作用的理解的新进展。
