Kubesch Nadine Janet, de Nazelle Audrey, Westerdahl Dane, Martinez David, Carrasco-Turigas Gloria, Bouso Laura, Guerra Stefano, Nieuwenhuijsen Mark J
Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Occup Environ Med. 2015 Apr;72(4):284-93. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102106. Epub 2014 Dec 4.
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has been associated with adverse respiratory and systemic outcomes. Physical activity (PA) in polluted air may increase pollutant uptake and thereby health effects. The authors aimed to determine the short-term health effects of TRAP in healthy participants and any possible modifying effect of PA.
Crossover real-world exposure study comparing in 28 healthy participants pulmonary and inflammatory responses to four different exposure scenarios: 2 h exposure in a high and low TRAP environment, each at rest and in combination with intermittent moderate PA, consisting of four 15 min rest and cycling intervals. Data were analysed using mixed effect models for repeated measures.
Intermittent PA compared to rest, irrespective of the TRAP exposure status, increased statistically significant (p≤0.05) pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (34 mL), forced vital capacity (29 mL), forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75%) (91 mL)), lung inflammation (fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, FeNO, (0.89 ppb)), and systemic inflammation markers interleukin-6 (52.3%), leucocytes (9.7%) and neutrophils count (18.8%). Interquartile increases in coarse particulate matter were statistically significantly associated with increased FeNO (0.80 ppb) and neutrophil count (5.7%), while PM2.5 and PM10 (particulate matter smaller than 2.5 and 10 µm in diameter, respectively) increased leucocytes (5.1% and 4.0%, respectively). We found no consistent evidence for an interaction between TRAP and PA for any of the outcomes of interest.
In a healthy population, intermittent moderate PA has beneficial effects on pulmonary function even when performed in a highly polluted environment. This study also suggests that particulate air pollution is inducing pulmonary and systemic inflammatory responses.
暴露于交通相关空气污染（TRAP）与不良呼吸和全身影响有关。在污染空气中进行体育活动（PA）可能会增加污染物的吸收，从而对健康产生影响。作者旨在确定TRAP对健康参与者的短期健康影响以及PA的任何可能的调节作用。
交叉现实世界暴露研究，比较28名健康参与者对四种不同暴露场景的肺部和炎症反应：在高TRAP和低TRAP环境中各暴露2小时，每次分别处于休息状态以及与间歇性中等强度PA相结合，后者由四个15分钟的休息和骑行间隔组成。使用重复测量的混合效应模型分析数据。
与休息相比，无论TRAP暴露状态如何，间歇性PA均使肺功能（1秒用力呼气量（34毫升）、用力肺活量（29毫升）、用力呼气流量（FEF25 - 75%）（91毫升））、肺部炎症（呼出一氧化氮分数，FeNO，（0.89 ppb））以及全身炎症标志物白细胞介素-6（52.3%）、白细胞（9.7%）和中性粒细胞计数（18.8%）有统计学显著增加（p≤0.05）。粗颗粒物的四分位数增加与FeNO增加（0.80 ppb）和中性粒细胞计数增加（5.7%）有统计学显著关联，而PM2.5和PM10（分别为直径小于2.5和10微米的颗粒物）使白细胞分别增加（5.1%和4.0%）。我们没有发现TRAP与PA之间对于任何感兴趣的结果存在相互作用的一致证据。
在健康人群中，即使在高度污染的环境中进行间歇性中等强度PA，也对肺功能有有益影响。本研究还表明，颗粒物空气污染会引发肺部和全身炎症反应。
