Mendrek Adrianna, Dinh-Williams Laurence, Bourque Josiane, Potvin Stéphane
Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC, Canada H1N 3V2 ; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, CP 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7 ; Department of Psychology, Bishop's University, 2600 rue College, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada J1M 1Z7.
Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, 7331 rue Hochelaga, Montreal, QC, Canada H1N 3V2 ; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, CP 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC, Canada H3C 3J7.
Psychiatry J. 2014;2014:723632. doi: 10.1155/2014/723632. Epub 2014 Nov 13.
While overall more men than women smoke cigarettes, women and girls take less time to become dependent after initial use and have more difficulties quitting the habit. One of the factors contributing to these differences may be that women crave cigarettes more than men and that their desire to smoke is influenced by hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was twofold: (a) to examine potential sex/gender differences in functional neuroanatomy of craving and to (b) delineate neural correlates of cigarette cravings in women across their menstrual cycle. Fifteen tobacco-smoking men and 19 women underwent a functional MRI during presentation of neutral and smoking-related images, known to elicit craving. Women were tested twice: once during early follicular phase and once during midluteal phase of their menstrual cycle. The analysis did not reveal any significant sex differences in the cerebral activations associated with craving. Nevertheless, the pattern of activations in women varied across their menstrual cycle with significant activations in parts of the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobe, during follicular phase, and only limited activations in the right hippocampus during the luteal phase.
虽然总体上吸烟的男性比女性多，但女性和女孩在初次使用后更容易成瘾，而且戒烟也更困难。造成这些差异的一个因素可能是，女性比男性更渴望吸烟，而且她们吸烟的欲望受月经周期中激素波动的影响。因此，本研究的目的有两个：（a）研究渴望的功能性神经解剖学中潜在的性别差异，以及（b）描绘女性在月经周期中对香烟渴望的神经关联。15名吸烟男性和19名女性在呈现已知会引发渴望的中性和与吸烟相关的图像时接受了功能性磁共振成像检查。女性接受了两次测试：一次在月经周期的卵泡早期，一次在黄体中期。分析未发现与渴望相关的大脑激活存在任何显著的性别差异。然而，女性的激活模式在月经周期中有所不同，在卵泡期额叶、颞叶和顶叶的部分区域有显著激活，而在黄体期右侧海马体仅有有限的激活。
