Trinity College Dublin.
Am Psychol. 2014 Nov;69(8):851-63. doi: 10.1037/a0037852.
In this article I argue for the development of a macro perspective within psychology, akin to that found in macroeconomics. Macropsychology is the application of psychology to factors that influence the settings and conditions of our lives. As policy concerns the strategic allocation of resources—who gets what and why?—it should be an area of particular interest for macropsychology. I review ways in which psychology may make a contribution to policy within the field of global health. Global health emphasizes human rights, equity, social inclusion, and empowerment; psychology has much to contribute to these areas, both at the level of policy and practice. I review the sorts of evidence and other factors that influence policymakers, along with the content, process, and context of policymaking, with a particular focus on the rights of people with disabilities in the low- and middle-income countries of Africa and Asia. These insights are drawn from collaborations with a broad range of practitioners, governments, United Nations agencies, civil society organizations, the private sector and researchers. Humanitarian work psychology is highlighted as an example of a new area of psychology that embraces some of the concerns of macropsychology. The advent of "big data" presents psychology with an opportunity to ask new types of questions, and these should include "understanding up," or how psychological factors can contribute to human well-being, nationally and globally.
在本文中，我主张在心理学领域发展一种类似于宏观经济学中的宏观视角。宏观心理学是将心理学应用于影响我们生活环境和条件的因素。由于政策涉及资源的战略分配——谁得到什么以及为什么？——它应该是宏观心理学特别关注的一个领域。我回顾了心理学在全球健康领域为政策制定做出贡献的途径。全球健康强调人权、公平、社会包容和赋权；心理学在这些领域都有很大的贡献，无论是在政策层面还是实践层面。我回顾了影响政策制定者的证据和其他因素的种类，以及政策制定的内容、过程和背景，特别关注非洲和亚洲低收入和中等收入国家残疾人的权利。这些观点是从我与广泛的从业者、政府、联合国机构、民间社会组织、私营部门和研究人员的合作中得出的。人道主义工作心理学被强调为一个新的心理学领域的例子，它包含了宏观心理学的一些关注点。“大数据”的出现为心理学提供了一个机会，可以提出新的问题类型，其中包括“向上理解”，即心理因素如何能够在国家和全球范围内促进人类福祉。
