Williams R L, Wood L G, Collins C E, Callister R
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Obes Rev. 2015 Feb;16(2):171-86. doi: 10.1111/obr.12241. Epub 2014 Dec 11.
Effective strategies are required to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity; however, the effectiveness of current weight loss programmes is variable. One contributing factor may be the difference in weight loss success between men and women. A systematic review was conducted to determine whether the effectiveness of weight loss interventions differs between men and women. Randomized controlled trials published up until March 2014 were included. Effect sizes (Hedges' g) were used to examine the difference in weight outcomes between men and women. A total of 58 studies met the eligibility criteria with 49 studies of higher quality included in the final data synthesis. Eleven studies that directly compared weight loss in men and women reported a significant sex difference. Ten of these reported that men lost more weight than women; however, women also lost a significant amount of weight. Analysis of effect sizes found small differences in weight loss favouring men for both diet (g = 0.489) and diet plus exercise (g = 0.240) interventions. There is little evidence from this review to indicate that men and women should adopt different weight loss strategies. Current evidence supports moderate energy restriction in combination with exercise for weight loss in both men and women.
需要有效的策略来降低超重和肥胖的患病率；然而，当前减肥计划的效果参差不齐。一个促成因素可能是男性和女性在减肥成功方面的差异。进行了一项系统综述，以确定减肥干预措施的效果在男性和女性之间是否存在差异。纳入了截至2014年3月发表的随机对照试验。效应量（Hedges' g）用于检验男性和女性体重结果的差异。共有58项研究符合纳入标准，其中49项质量较高的研究纳入了最终的数据综合分析。11项直接比较男性和女性减肥情况的研究报告了显著的性别差异。其中10项报告称男性比女性减重更多；然而，女性也减掉了相当数量的体重。效应量分析发现，在饮食（g = 0.489）和饮食加运动（g = 0.240）干预中，男性在减肥方面有微小差异。这项综述几乎没有证据表明男性和女性应该采用不同的减肥策略。目前的证据支持男性和女性通过适度的能量限制并结合运动来减肥。
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