Vishwanath Sollapura J, Delude Camille, Domergue Frédéric, Rowland Owen
Department of Biology and Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada.
Plant Cell Rep. 2015 Apr;34(4):573-86. doi: 10.1007/s00299-014-1727-z. Epub 2014 Dec 14.
Suberin is a lipid-phenolic biopolyester deposited in the cell walls of certain boundary tissue layers of plants, such as root endodermis, root and tuber peridermis, and seed coats. Suberin serves as a protective barrier in these tissue layers, controlling, for example, water and ion transport. It is also a stress-induced anti-microbial barrier. The suberin polymer contains a variety of C16-C24 chain-length aliphatics, such as ω-hydroxy fatty acids, α,ω-dicarboxylic fatty acids, and primary fatty alcohols. Suberin also contains high amounts of glycerol and phenolics, especially ferulic acid. In addition, non-covalently linked waxes are likely associated with the suberin polymer. This review focusses on the suberin biosynthetic enzymes identified to date, which include β-ketoacyl-CoA synthases, fatty acyl reductases, long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, glycerol 3-phosphate acyltransferases, and phenolic acyltransferases. We also discuss recent advances in our understanding of the transport of suberin components intracellularly and to the cell wall, polymer assembly, and the regulation of suberin deposition.
木栓质是一种脂质-酚类生物聚酯，沉积在植物某些边界组织层的细胞壁中，如根内皮层、根和块茎周皮以及种皮。木栓质在这些组织层中作为一种保护屏障，例如控制水和离子的运输。它也是一种应激诱导的抗微生物屏障。木栓质聚合物包含多种碳链长度为C16 - C24的脂肪族化合物，如ω-羟基脂肪酸、α,ω-二羧酸脂肪酸和伯脂肪醇。木栓质还含有大量的甘油和酚类物质，尤其是阿魏酸。此外，非共价连接的蜡可能与木栓质聚合物相关。本综述聚焦于迄今已鉴定出的木栓质生物合成酶，其中包括β-酮脂酰-CoA合酶、脂肪酰还原酶、长链脂酰-CoA合成酶、细胞色素P450单加氧酶、甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶和酚酰基转移酶。我们还讨论了在理解木栓质成分在细胞内和向细胞壁的运输、聚合物组装以及木栓质沉积调控方面的最新进展。
