Mama Scherezade K, McCurdy Sheryl A, Evans Alexandra E, Thompson Deborah I, Diamond Pamela M, Lee Rebecca E
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2015 Jun;42(3):321-8. doi: 10.1177/1090198114557128. Epub 2014 Dec 10.
Ecologic models suggest that multiple levels of influencing factors are important for determining physical activity participation and include individual, social, and environmental factors. The purpose of this qualitative study was to use an ecologic framework to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying behavioral mechanisms that influence physical activity adoption among ethnic minority women. Eighteen African American and Hispanic women completed a 1-hour in-depth interview. Verbatim interview transcripts were analyzed for emergent themes using a constant comparison approach. Women were middle-aged (age M = 43.9 ± 7.3 years), obese (body mass index M = 35.0 ± 8.9 kg/m(2)), and of high socioeconomic status (88.9% completed some college or more, 41.2% reported income >$82,600/year). Participants discussed individual factors, including the need for confidence, motivation and time, and emphasized the importance of environmental factors, including their physical neighborhood environments and safety of and accessibility to physical activity resources. Women talked about caretaking for others and social support and how these influenced physical activity behavior. The findings from this study highlight the multilevel, interactive complexities that influence physical activity, emphasizing the need for a more sophisticated, ecologic approach for increasing physical activity adoption and maintenance among ethnic minority women. Community insight gleaned from this study may be used to better understand determinants of physical activity and develop multilevel solutions and programs guided by an ecologic framework to increase physical activity in ethnic minority women.
生态模型表明，多个层面的影响因素对于确定体育活动参与情况很重要，这些因素包括个人、社会和环境因素。这项定性研究的目的是使用生态框架，以更深入地了解影响少数民族女性体育活动采纳的潜在行为机制。18名非裔美国女性和西班牙裔女性完成了一次1小时的深度访谈。使用持续比较法对访谈逐字记录进行分析，以找出新出现的主题。这些女性为中年女性（平均年龄M = 43.9 ± 7.3岁），肥胖（体重指数M = 35.0 ± 8.9 kg/m²），且社会经济地位较高（88.9%完成了大学或更高学历，41.2%报告年收入超过82,600美元）。参与者讨论了个人因素，包括对自信、动力和时间的需求，并强调了环境因素的重要性，包括她们周边的物理环境以及体育活动资源的安全性和可及性。女性们谈到了照顾他人和社会支持，以及这些如何影响体育活动行为。这项研究的结果突出了影响体育活动的多层次、交互复杂性，强调需要一种更复杂的生态方法来提高少数民族女性对体育活动的采纳和维持。从这项研究中收集到的社区见解可用于更好地理解体育活动的决定因素，并制定以生态框架为指导的多层次解决方案和项目，以增加少数民族女性的体育活动。
