Rocha Rodrigo Dos Santos, Meireles José Roberto Cardoso, de Moraes Marcílio Cerqueira Eneida
Laboratório de Genética Toxicológica , Departmento de Ciências Biológicas , Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana , Feira de Santana, BA , Brazil .
Genet Mol Biol. 2014 Oct;37(4):702-7. doi: 10.1590/S1415-47572014005000022. Epub 2014 Nov 14.
Chromosomal damage and apoptosis were analyzed in users of mouthwash and/or alcoholic beverages, using the micronucleus test on exfoliated oral mucosa cells. Samples from four groups of 20 individuals each were analyzed: three exposed groups (EG1, EG2 and EG3) and a control group (CG). EG1 comprised mouthwash users; EG2 comprised drinkers, and EG3 users of both mouthwashes and alcoholic beverages. Cell material was collected by gently scraping the insides of the cheeks. Then the cells were fixed in a methanol/acetic acid (3:1) solution and stained and counterstained, respectively, with Schiff reactive and fast green. Endpoints were computed on 2,000 cells in a blind test. Statistical analysis showed that chromosomal damage and apoptosis were significantly higher in individuals of groups EG1 and EG3 than in controls (p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference in chromosomal damage and apoptosis was observed between the exposed groups. In EG2, only the occurrence of apoptosis was significantly higher than in the controls. These results suggest that mouthwashes alone or in association with alcoholic drinks induce genotoxic effects, manifested as chromosomal damage and apoptosis. They also suggest that alcoholic drinks are effective for stimulating the process of apoptosis. However, these data need to be confirmed in larger samples.
使用脱落口腔黏膜细胞微核试验，对漱口水和/或酒精饮料使用者的染色体损伤和细胞凋亡进行了分析。对四组样本进行了分析，每组20人：三个暴露组（EG1、EG2和EG3）和一个对照组（CG）。EG1组为漱口水使用者；EG2组为饮酒者，EG3组为漱口水和酒精饮料使用者。通过轻轻刮擦脸颊内侧收集细胞材料。然后将细胞固定在甲醇/乙酸（3:1）溶液中，分别用席夫试剂和固绿进行染色和复染。在盲法试验中对2000个细胞计算终点指标。统计分析表明，EG1组和EG3组个体的染色体损伤和细胞凋亡显著高于对照组（分别为p < 0.005和p < 0.001）。暴露组之间未观察到染色体损伤和细胞凋亡的显著差异。在EG2组中，仅细胞凋亡的发生率显著高于对照组。这些结果表明，单独使用漱口水或与酒精饮料一起使用会诱导遗传毒性效应，表现为染色体损伤和细胞凋亡。它们还表明酒精饮料对刺激细胞凋亡过程有效。然而，这些数据需要在更大的样本中得到证实。
