Dolman Bronwyn, Verrall Geoffrey, Reid Iain
School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Australia.
Sportsmed.Sa, Sport Medicine Clinic, Adelaide, Australia ; Department of Medicine, South Australian Sports Institute, Adelaide, Australia.
Muscles Ligaments Tendons J. 2014 Nov 17;4(3):371-7. eCollection 2014 Jul.
Of the hamstring muscle group the biceps femoris muscle is the most commonly injured muscle in sports requiring interval sprinting. The reason for this observation is unknown. The objective of this study was to calculate the forces of all three hamstring muscles, relative to each other, during a lengthening contraction to assess for any differences that may help explain the biceps femoris predilection for injury during interval sprinting. To calculate the displacement of each individual hamstring muscle previously performed studies on cadaveric anatomical data and hamstring kinematics during sprinting were used. From these displacement calculations for each individual hamstring muscle physical principles were then used to deduce the proportion of force exerted by each individual hamstring muscle during a lengthening muscle contraction. These deductions demonstrate that the biceps femoris muscle is required to exert proportionally more force in a lengthening muscle contraction relative to the semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles primarily as a consequence of having to lengthen over a greater distance within the same time frame. It is hypothesized that this property maybe a factor in the known observation of the increased susceptibility of the biceps femoris muscle to injury during repeated sprints where recurrent higher force is required.
在腘绳肌群中，股二头肌是在需要间歇性冲刺的运动中最常受伤的肌肉。这一观察结果的原因尚不清楚。本研究的目的是计算在拉长收缩过程中，三根腘绳肌相对于彼此的力量，以评估是否存在任何差异，这些差异可能有助于解释股二头肌在间歇性冲刺中易受伤的原因。为了计算每块腘绳肌的位移，使用了之前对尸体解剖数据和冲刺过程中腘绳肌运动学的研究。根据这些对每块腘绳肌的位移计算，然后运用物理原理来推断每块腘绳肌在肌肉拉长收缩过程中施加的力的比例。这些推断表明，在肌肉拉长收缩过程中，相对于半膜肌和半腱肌，股二头肌需要按比例施加更大的力，这主要是因为在相同的时间框架内，它必须在更长的距离上拉长。据推测，这一特性可能是已知观察结果的一个因素，即在重复冲刺过程中，由于需要反复承受更高的力，股二头肌更容易受伤。
