Garner Sarah J, Nobbs Angela H, McNally Lisa M, Barbour Michele E
Oral Nanoscience, School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Microbiology, Oral Microbiology, School of Oral and Dental Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
J Dent. 2015 Mar;43(3):362-72. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.12.005. Epub 2014 Dec 13.
The aims of this study were to synthesise a range of chlorhexidine-containing nanoparticles (CHX-NPs), and investigate the feasibility of using these as an antifungal coating for dental silicones.
CHX-NPs were precipitated in aqueous reaction by mixing solutions of CHX digluconate with solutions of sodium triphosphate (TP), trimetaphosphate (TMP) or hexametaphosphate (HMP). CHX-NPs were deposited on commercial dental silicones by immersion coating, and these were characterised for hydrophilicity (contact angle) and water uptake (mass change). Soluble CHX elution into artificial saliva was measured using ultraviolet spectrophotometry. Antifungal efficacy against Candida albicans was investigated using a cell proliferation assay.
Coating silicones with CHX-NPs did not significantly affect hydrophilicity, as assessed using water contact angle, or water uptake as assessed by mass change following 16 weeks' immersion in artificial saliva. CHX-NP-coated silicone specimens released soluble CHX into artificial saliva. The salt of CHX and the immersion time affected the rate, concentration and duration of CHX release, with CHX-HMP exhibiting a slow, sustained release and CHX-TP and CHX-TMP exhibiting a faster, more concentrated release. C. albicans metabolic activity was inhibited by presence of CHX-HMP-NPs in suspension.
CHX-NPs provided a localised, controlled dose of soluble CHX at the surface of dental silicones without adversely affecting hydrophilicity or water uptake. CHX-HMP NPs provided effective antifungal control of C. albicans in a cell proliferation assay. Coating materials with these nanoparticles could be an effective way of delivering low, but clinically relevant, concentrations of chlorhexidine in the oral environment.
Denture stomatitis is a common oral infection and is associated with fungal infestation of denture soft lining and obturator materials, which are often silicones such as those used here. Our study suggests that CHX-NPs may be a useful strategy in design of antifungal coatings for these materials.
本研究旨在合成一系列含洗必泰的纳米颗粒（CHX-NPs），并研究将其用作牙科硅酮抗真菌涂层的可行性。
通过将葡萄糖酸洗必泰溶液与三聚磷酸钠（TP）、三偏磷酸钠（TMP）或六偏磷酸钠（HMP）溶液混合，在水相中沉淀出CHX-NPs。通过浸涂将CHX-NPs沉积在商用牙科硅酮上，并对其亲水性（接触角）和吸水率（质量变化）进行表征。使用紫外分光光度法测量洗必泰在人工唾液中的可溶性洗脱量。使用细胞增殖试验研究对白色念珠菌的抗真菌效果。
用CHX-NPs涂覆硅酮，在人工唾液中浸泡16周后，用水接触角评估亲水性或用质量变化评估吸水率时，均未产生显著影响。涂有CHX-NP的硅酮标本向人工唾液中释放可溶性洗必泰。洗必泰的盐和浸泡时间影响洗必泰的释放速率、浓度和持续时间，CHX-HMP表现出缓慢、持续的释放，而CHX-TP和CHX-TMP表现出更快、更集中的释放。悬浮液中存在CHX-HMP-NPs可抑制白色念珠菌的代谢活性。
CHX-NPs在牙科硅酮表面提供了局部、可控剂量的可溶性洗必泰，且不会对亲水性或吸水率产生不利影响。在细胞增殖试验中，CHX-HMP NPs对白色念珠菌提供了有效的抗真菌控制。用这些纳米颗粒涂覆材料可能是在口腔环境中递送低但具有临床相关性的洗必泰浓度的有效方法。
义齿性口炎是一种常见的口腔感染，与义齿软衬和闭孔材料的真菌感染有关，这些材料通常是硅酮，如本研究中使用的材料。我们的研究表明，CHX-NPs可能是设计这些材料抗真菌涂层的有用策略。
