Jayamani Elamparithi, Mylonakis Eleftherios
a Division of Infectious Diseases; Rhode Island Hospital; Alpert Medical School of Brown University; Providence, RI USA.
Virulence. 2014;5(7):733-9. doi: 10.4161/viru.29948.
Effectors are virulence factors that are secreted by bacteria during an infection in order to subvert cellular processes or induce the surveillance system of the host. Pathogenic microorganisms encode effectors, toxins and components of secretion systems that inject the effectors to the host. Escherichia coli is part of the innocuous commensal microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract. However, pathogenic E. coli can cause diarrheal and extraintestinal diseases. Pathogenic E. coli uses secretion systems to inject an array of effector proteins directly into the host cells. Herein, we discuss the effectors secreted by different pathotypes of E. coli and provide an overview of strategies employed by effectors to target the host cellular and subcellular processes as well as their role in triggering host immune response.
效应蛋白是细菌在感染过程中分泌的毒力因子，目的是破坏细胞过程或诱导宿主的监测系统。致病微生物编码效应蛋白、毒素以及将效应蛋白注入宿主的分泌系统组件。大肠杆菌是胃肠道无害共生微生物群的一部分。然而，致病性大肠杆菌可引起腹泻和肠外疾病。致病性大肠杆菌利用分泌系统将一系列效应蛋白直接注入宿主细胞。在此，我们讨论了不同致病型大肠杆菌分泌的效应蛋白，并概述了效应蛋白针对宿主细胞和亚细胞过程所采用的策略及其在触发宿主免疫反应中的作用。
