Sundling Catherine, Berglund Birgitta, Nilsson Mats E, Emardson Ragne, Pendrill Leslie R
Ekman Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, SE-106-91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, P.O. Box 210, SE-171-77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Dec 12;11(12):12938-68. doi: 10.3390/ijerph111212938. Print 2014 Dec.
Elderly persons' perceived accessibility to railway traveling depends on their functional limitations/diseases, their functional abilities and their travel behaviors in interaction with the barriers encountered during whole trips. A survey was conducted on a random sample of 1000 city residents (65-85 years old; 57% response rate). The travels were perceived least accessible by respondents with severely reduced functional ability and by those with more than one functional limitation/disease (e.g., restricted mobility and chronic pain). Those who traveled "often", perceived the accessibility to be better than those who traveled less frequently. For travelers with high functional ability, the main barriers to more frequent traveling were travel costs and low punctuality. For those with low functional ability, one's own health was reported to be the main barrier. Our results clarify the links among existing functional limitations/functional abilities, the barriers encountered, the travel behavior, and the overall accessibility to traveling. By operationalizing the whole-trip concept as a chain of events, we deliver practical knowledge on vulnerable groups for decision-making to improve the transport environment for all.
老年人对铁路出行的可及性感知取决于其功能限制/疾病、功能能力以及他们在整个行程中与所遇到障碍相互作用时的出行行为。对1000名城市居民（65 - 85岁；回复率57%）的随机样本进行了一项调查。功能能力严重下降的受访者以及有不止一种功能限制/疾病（如行动受限和慢性疼痛）的受访者认为出行的可及性最差。“经常”出行的人认为出行可及性比不那么频繁出行的人更好。对于功能能力高的旅行者来说，更频繁出行的主要障碍是旅行成本和准点率低。对于功能能力低的人来说，自身健康被报告为主要障碍。我们的研究结果阐明了现有功能限制/功能能力、所遇到的障碍、出行行为以及整体出行可及性之间的联系。通过将全程概念作为一系列事件进行操作化，我们为决策提供了关于弱势群体的实用知识，以改善所有人的交通环境。
