Bascones-Martínez Antonio, García-García Virginia, Meurman Jukka H, Requena-Caballero Luis
Department of Stomatology III, Faculty of Odontology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Int J Dermatol. 2015 Mar;54(3):258-70. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12681. Epub 2014 Dec 16.
Immune-mediated diseases frequently affect oral mucosa, which may often be the first site of clinical manifestation. In this review, we describe the most important oral lesions related to inflammatory disorders and present their management and novel therapies. The review is based on an open PubMed literature search from 1980 to 2012 with relevant keywords. Pemphigus vulgaris, oral lichen planus, cicatricial pemphigoid, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, and linear IgA dermatosis are the immune-mediated diseases with oral manifestations discussed. Etiology is unknown in most of these diseases, but recently some of them have been found to share common genes. Modern treatment of these diseases is based on drugs that interfere along the pathogenic mechanisms instead of the still commonly used palliative measures. However, the immunomodulatory drugs may also cause oral side effects, complicating the clinical picture. Therefore, consulting dental or oral medicine specialists can be necessary in some cases with various immune-mediated diseases.
免疫介导性疾病常累及口腔黏膜，而口腔黏膜往往可能是其首个临床表现部位。在本综述中，我们描述了与炎症性疾病相关的最重要的口腔病变，并介绍了其治疗方法及新疗法。本综述基于1980年至2012年在PubMed上使用相关关键词进行的公开文献检索。寻常型天疱疮、口腔扁平苔藓、瘢痕性类天疱疮、多形红斑、史蒂文斯-约翰逊综合征、系统性红斑狼疮、干燥综合征及线状IgA大疱性皮病是文中讨论的有口腔表现的免疫介导性疾病。这些疾病大多病因不明，但最近发现其中一些存在共同基因。这些疾病的现代治疗基于干扰致病机制的药物，而非仍常用的姑息性措施。然而，免疫调节药物也可能引起口腔副作用，使临床情况复杂化。因此，在某些患有各种免疫介导性疾病的病例中，咨询牙科或口腔医学专家可能是必要的。
