Mthethwa Ningy S, Oyedeji Bola A O, Obi Larry C, Aiyegoro Olayinka A
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Walter Sisulu University, Private Bag X1, Mthatha 5099, South Africa.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2014 Dec 18;14:512. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-512.
Medicinal plants represent an important opportunity to rural communities in Africa, as a source of affordable medicine and as a source of income. Increased patient awareness about safe usage is important as well as more training with regards to traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ethnomedicinal prowess of some indigenous South African plants commonly used in Eastern Cape Province of South Africa for the treatment of skin and respiratory tract infections, HIV and their toxicity potential.
Cassine transvaalensis, Vangueria infausta, Croton gratissimus and Vitex ferruginea were tested for antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and minimum inhibition concentration (MIC). Cytotoxic and anti-HIV-1 activities of plants were tested using MTT Assay (3- (Dimethylthiozole-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)) and anti- HIV-1iib assay. In search of bioactive lead compounds, Cassine transvaalensis which was found to be the most active plant extract against the two Staphylocoous bacteria was subjected to various chromatographic. Thin layer chromatography, Column chromatography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), (1H-1H, 13C-13C, in DMSO_d6, Bruker 600 MHz) were used to isolate and characterize 3-Oxo-28-hydroxylbetuli-20(29)-ene and 3,28-dihydroxylbetuli-20(29)-ene bioactive compounds from C. transvaalensis.
The four plants studied exhibited bioactive properties against the test isolates. The zones of inhibition ranged between 16 mm to 31 mm for multi-drug resistant staphylococci species. MIC values varied between 0.6 and 0.02 μg/ml. C. gratissimus and C. transvaalensis exhibited the abilities to inhibit HIV-1iib. Two bioactive compounds were isolated from C. transvaalensis.
Data from this study reveals the use of these plant by traditional healers in the Eastern Cape. Furthermore, C. transvaalensis and C. gratissimus were found to be more active as against HIV-1iib. While C. transvaalensis was most active against the two Staphylococcus bacteria.
药用植物对非洲农村社区来说是一个重要机遇，既是廉价药物的来源，也是收入来源。提高患者对安全用药的认识以及加强传统医学方面的培训也很重要。本研究的目的是评估南非东开普省常用的一些本土植物在治疗皮肤和呼吸道感染、艾滋病毒方面的民族药用功效及其潜在毒性。
使用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法和最低抑菌浓度（MIC）测试了南非茶（Cassine transvaalensis）、非洲芒果（Vangueria infausta）、毛巴豆（Croton gratissimus）和锈毛牡荆（Vitex ferruginea）对金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌的抗菌活性。使用 MTT 法（3-（二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基溴化四氮唑）和抗 HIV-1iib 试验测试了植物的细胞毒性和抗 HIV-1 活性。为了寻找生物活性先导化合物，对南非茶进行了各种色谱分析，南非茶被发现是对两种葡萄球菌最具活性的植物提取物。使用薄层色谱、柱色谱和核磁共振（NMR）（在 DMSO_d6 中，1H-1H、13C-13C，布鲁克 600 MHz）从南非茶中分离并鉴定了 3-氧代-28-羟基桦木-20(29)-烯和 3,28-二羟基桦木-20(29)-烯生物活性化合物。
所研究的四种植物对测试菌株均表现出生物活性。对多重耐药葡萄球菌物种的抑菌圈范围在 16 毫米至 3l 毫米之间。MIC 值在 0.6 至 0.02μg/ml 之间变化。毛巴豆和南非茶表现出抑制 HIV-1iib 的能力。从南非茶中分离出两种生物活性化合物。
本研究的数据揭示了东开普省传统治疗师对这些植物的使用情况。此外，发现南非茶和毛巴豆对 HIV-1iib 的活性更强。而南非茶对两种葡萄球菌的活性最强。
