Evaluation of the International Association of the Diabetes In Pregnancy Study Group new criteria: gestational diabetes project.

OBJECTIVE

To examine the diagnostic rates of gestational diabetes (GDM) and maternal/fetal outcomes before and after replacement of the Carpenter and Coustan (C&C) criteria with the International Association Diabetes Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of all pregnancies in 2 separate 6-month cohorts in the province of British Columbia. The first C&C cohort was defined as a 6-month period prior to the introduction of the IADPSG 75 g glucose tolerance test on October 1, 2010. The IADPSG cohort was studied during a 6-month period after the change.

RESULTS

There was a significant increase in rates of GDM when using the IADPSG 75 g criteria, from 7.9% (1838 of 23 211) to 9.4% (2104 of 22 397). There were no significant changes in maternal outcomes when using the IADPSG criteria (caesarean section, induction of labour, perineal laceration, pregnancy-induced hypertension, antepartum hemorrhage >20 weeks or postpartum hospital length of stay). The caesarean section rate was not increased according to multivariate analysis (30.9% vs. 29.7%; p=0.073). There were no significant changes in most fetal outcomes when using the IADPSG criteria (mean gestational age at birth, premature birth, meconium, birth trauma, mean birth weight, large for gestational age, small for gestational age, intrauterine growth restriction), but neonatal hypoglycemia was significantly higher (1.6 % vs. 1.3 %; p=0.007).

CONCLUSIONS

The rates of GDM were higher when using the new IADPSG criteria. Overall, all of the maternal and most of the fetal outcomes were similar.