Kingsley J Derek, Figueroa Arturo
Human Performance and Autonomic Studies Laboratory, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
Department of Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, The Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2016 May;36(3):179-87. doi: 10.1111/cpf.12223. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
Heart rate variability (HRV) has been used as a non-invasive method to evaluate heart rate (HR) regulation by the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. In this review, we discuss the effect of resistance exercise both acutely and after training on HRV in healthy individuals and in those with diseases characterized by autonomic dysfunction, such as hypertension and fibromyalgia. HR recovery after exercise is influenced by parasympathetic reactivation and sympathetic recovery to resting levels. Therefore, examination of HRV in response to acute exercise yields valuable insight into autonomic cardiovascular modulation and possible underlying risk for disease. Acute resistance exercise has shown to decrease cardiac parasympathetic modulation more than aerobic exercise in young healthy adults suggesting an increased risk for cardiovascular dysfunction after resistance exercise. Resistance exercise training appears to have no effect on resting HRV in healthy young adults, while it may improve parasympathetic modulation in middle-aged adults with autonomic dysfunction. Acute resistance exercise appears to decrease parasympathetic activity regardless of age. This review examines the acute and chronic effects of resistance exercise on HRV in young and older adults.
心率变异性（HRV）已被用作一种非侵入性方法，以评估自主神经系统的副交感神经和交感神经分支对心率（HR）的调节。在本综述中，我们讨论了抗阻运动在急性运动时以及训练后对健康个体和患有以自主神经功能障碍为特征的疾病（如高血压和纤维肌痛）的个体的HRV的影响。运动后的心率恢复受副交感神经再激活和交感神经恢复到静息水平的影响。因此，检测急性运动后的HRV能为自主神经对心血管的调节以及可能存在的潜在疾病风险提供有价值的见解。在年轻健康成年人中，急性抗阻运动比有氧运动更能降低心脏副交感神经调节，这表明抗阻运动后心血管功能障碍的风险增加。抗阻运动训练似乎对健康年轻成年人的静息HRV没有影响，而它可能改善患有自主神经功能障碍的中年成年人的副交感神经调节。无论年龄大小，急性抗阻运动似乎都会降低副交感神经活动。本综述探讨了抗阻运动对年轻人和老年人HRV的急性及慢性影响。
