1 Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA, USA.
J Atten Disord. 2018 Aug;22(10):959-970. doi: 10.1177/1087054714563792. Epub 2014 Dec 18.
Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) can easily be misdiagnosed as having ADHD.
A total of 164 children were compared on cognitive and behavioral measures for four groups of children: FASD, ADHD, FASD + ADHD, and other neuropsychological disorders.
The ADHD group was not significantly different from the "other diagnosis" group on any of the measurements. The children with FASD were found to perform significantly worse than ADHD on externalizing problems, Full-Scale IQ, and indices of Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, and Working Memory. The comorbid FASD + ADHD group was significantly weaker than ADHD on verbal comprehension measures. The FASD children demonstrated significantly higher levels of atypicality and aggression relative to ADHD, and the FASD + ADHD group demonstrated significantly higher levels of hyperactivity and withdrawal relative to ADHD.
These results indicate that children with FASD display a differential behavioral and cognitive profile that is significantly poorer than children with ADHD and other types of neuropsychological disorders.
患有胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）的儿童很容易被误诊为患有 ADHD。
对四组儿童（FASD、ADHD、FASD+ADHD 和其他神经心理障碍）的认知和行为测量值进行比较。
ADHD 组在任何测量指标上均与“其他诊断”组无显著差异。与 ADHD 相比，FASD 儿童在外部问题、全量表智商以及言语理解、知觉推理和工作记忆等指标上的表现明显较差。共病 FASD+ADHD 组在言语理解测量上明显弱于 ADHD。与 ADHD 相比，FASD 儿童表现出更高的异常和攻击性，而 FASD+ADHD 组则表现出更高的多动和退缩性，与 ADHD 相比。
这些结果表明，患有 FASD 的儿童表现出的行为和认知特征明显比患有 ADHD 和其他类型神经心理障碍的儿童更差。
