Ouaguia Laurissa, Mrizak Dhafer, Renaud Sarah, Moralès Olivier, Delhem Nadira
CNRS UMR 8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Universit Lille-Nord de France, SIRIC ONCOLille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR142, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59021 Lille Cedex, France.
CNRS UMR 8161, Institut de Biologie de Lille, Universit Lille-Nord de France, SIRIC ONCOLille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, IFR142, 1 rue du Professeur Calmette, 59021 Lille Cedex, France ; UFR de Biologie, Université de Lille 1, Cité Scientifique, Bâtiment SN3, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
Mediators Inflamm. 2014;2014:564296. doi: 10.1155/2014/564296. Epub 2014 Nov 30.
Virus infections are involved in chronic inflammation and, in some cases, cancer development. Although a viral infection activates the immune system's response that eradicates the pathogen mainly through inflammatory mechanisms, it is now recognized that this inflammatory condition is also favorable to the development of tumors. Indeed, it is well described that viruses, such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), Epstein Barr virus (EBV), human papillomavirus (HPV) or human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1), are important risk factors for tumor malignancies. The inflammatory response is a fundamental immune mechanism which involves several molecular and cellular components consisting of cytokines and chemokines that are released by various proinflammatory cells. In parallel to this process, some endogenous recruited components release anti-inflammatory mediators to restore homeostasis. The development of tools and strategies using viruses to hijack the immune response is mostly linked to the presence of regulatory T-cells (Treg) that can inhibit inflammation and antiviral responses of other effector cells. In this review, we will focus on current understanding of the role of natural and induced Treg in the control and the resolution of inflammatory response in HCV-, HTLV-1-, and EBV-associated cancers.
病毒感染与慢性炎症相关，在某些情况下还与癌症发展有关。尽管病毒感染会激活免疫系统的反应，主要通过炎症机制根除病原体，但现在人们认识到这种炎症状态也有利于肿瘤的发展。事实上，已有充分描述表明，诸如丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）、爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）、人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）或人类嗜T细胞病毒1型（HTLV-1）等病毒是肿瘤恶性病变的重要危险因素。炎症反应是一种基本的免疫机制，涉及由多种促炎细胞释放的细胞因子和趋化因子组成的若干分子和细胞成分。与此过程并行的是，一些内源性募集成分会释放抗炎介质以恢复体内平衡。利用病毒劫持免疫反应的工具和策略的发展主要与调节性T细胞（Treg）的存在有关，Treg可抑制其他效应细胞的炎症和抗病毒反应。在本综述中，我们将重点关注目前对天然和诱导性Treg在HCV、HTLV-1和EBV相关癌症炎症反应的控制和消退中所起作用的理解。
