Gajowik Aneta, Dobrzyńska Małgorzata M
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2014;65(4):263-71.
Ionizing radiation may cause damage to living tissue by producing free radicals like reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can randomly react with lipids, proteins and nucleic acids of cell causing oxidative stress and damage in these macromolecules, leading to pathogenesis of chronic diseases and age related and also cancer. The first line of defense from the damaging effects of ROS is antioxidants, which convert the oxidants to less reactive species. Lycopene (LYC) is an acyclic isomer of beta-carotene. It synthesized by plants or autotrophic bacteria but not by animals. Red fruits and vegetables, including tomatoes, watermelons, pink grapefruits, apricots, pink guavas and papaya contain LYC. This carotenoid has very strong antioxidant properties. The many studies confirm that dietary supplementation with LYC reduces risk of cancers of many organs, but also retard the growth of the tumors. LYC has also chemopreventive effects against other diseases such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, male infertility and inhibits the toxic action of other agents. Numerous in vitro and animal studies showed that LYC may provide protection against damages induced by ionizing radiation. It suggests that supplementation of LYC might be useful in diminishing of negative effect of cancer radiotherapy or in mitigating the effects of possible radiation accidents on human health.
lycopene, antioxidants, anticarcinogenic agents, radioprotection.
电离辐射可通过产生诸如活性氧（ROS）等自由基对生物组织造成损害。ROS可随机与细胞的脂质、蛋白质和核酸发生反应，导致这些大分子产生氧化应激和损伤，进而引发慢性疾病、与年龄相关的疾病以及癌症。抵御ROS损伤作用的第一道防线是抗氧化剂，其可将氧化剂转化为活性较低的物质。番茄红素（LYC）是β-胡萝卜素的无环异构体。它由植物或自养细菌合成，动物不能合成。红色水果和蔬菜，包括西红柿、西瓜、粉红葡萄柚、杏子、粉红番石榴和木瓜都含有LYC。这种类胡萝卜素具有很强的抗氧化特性。许多研究证实，饮食中补充LYC可降低许多器官患癌风险，还能延缓肿瘤生长。LYC对其他疾病如心血管疾病、骨质疏松症、男性不育症也有化学预防作用，并能抑制其他物质的毒性作用。大量体外和动物研究表明，LYC可能对电离辐射引起的损伤具有保护作用。这表明补充LYC可能有助于减轻癌症放疗的负面影响或减轻可能的辐射事故对人类健康的影响。
番茄红素、抗氧化剂、抗癌剂、辐射防护
