Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), José Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Food Chem. 2015 May 1;174:214-8. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.11.004. Epub 2014 Nov 7.
Cocoa manufacturers are producing novel products increasing polyphenols, methylxanthines or dietary fibre to improve purported health benefits. We attempt to explain the contribution of cocoa bioactive compounds to cardiovascular effects observed in previous studies, placing particular emphasis on methylxanthines. We focused on a soluble cocoa product rich in dietary fibre (DFCP) and a product rich in polyphenols (PPCP). Effects of regularly consuming DFCP (providing daily 10.17 g, 43.8 mg and 168.6 mg of total-dietary-fibre, flavanols and methylxanthines, respectively) as well as PPCP (providing daily 3.74 g, 45.3 mg and 109.8 mg of total-dietary-fibre, flavanols and methylxanthines, respectively) on cardiovascular health were assessed in two controlled, cross-over studies in free-living normocholesterolemic and moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects. Both products increased HDL-cholesterol concentrations, whereas only DFCP decreased glucose and IL-1β levels in all subjects. Flavanols appeared to be responsible for the increase in HDL-cholesterol, whereas insoluble-dietary-fibre and theobromine in DFCP were associated with the hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory effects observed.
可可制造商正在生产新型产品，增加多酚、甲基黄嘌呤或膳食纤维，以提高所谓的健康益处。我们试图解释可可生物活性化合物对先前研究中观察到的心血管效应的贡献，特别强调甲基黄嘌呤。我们专注于一种富含膳食纤维的可溶性可可产品（DFCP）和一种富含多酚的产品（PPCP）。定期食用 DFCP（每天提供 10.17 克、43.8 毫克和 168.6 毫克总膳食纤维、黄烷醇和甲基黄嘌呤）以及 PPCP（每天提供 3.74 克、45.3 毫克和 109.8 毫克总膳食纤维、黄烷醇和甲基黄嘌呤）对自由生活的正常胆固醇血症和中度高胆固醇血症受试者的心血管健康的影响，在两项对照、交叉研究中进行了评估。这两种产品都能提高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度，而只有 DFCP 能降低所有受试者的血糖和白细胞介素-1β水平。黄烷醇似乎是导致高密度脂蛋白胆固醇升高的原因，而 DFCP 中的不溶性膳食纤维和可可碱则与观察到的降血糖和抗炎作用有关。
