Ouellette-Kuntz H, Cobigo V, Balogh R, Wilton A, Lunsky Y
Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada; Ongwanada, Kingston, ON, Canada.
J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2015 Jan;28(1):43-54. doi: 10.1111/jar.12133.
Secondary prevention involves the early detection of disease while it is asymptomatic to prevent its progression. For adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, secondary prevention is critical as they may not have the ability to recognize the early signs and symptoms of disease or lack accessible information about these.
Linked administrative health and social service data were used to document uptake related to four secondary prevention guidelines among adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Rates were compared to those from a general population sample representing the same age ranges.
Of 22% of adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities had a periodic health examination in a two-year period (compared to 26.4% of adults without intellectual and developmental disabilities). Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities were less likely to undergo recommended age and gender-specific screening for the three types of cancer studied (colorectal, breast and cervical).
Adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities in Ontario experience disparities in secondary prevention. As changes to primary care delivery and secondary prevention recommendations in the province and elsewhere continue to evolve, close monitoring of the impacts on adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities combined with dedicated efforts to increase access is warranted.
二级预防包括在疾病无症状时进行早期检测，以防止其进展。对于有智力和发育障碍的成年人来说，二级预防至关重要，因为他们可能没有能力识别疾病的早期迹象和症状，或者缺乏关于这些的可获取信息。
利用关联的行政健康和社会服务数据记录有智力和发育障碍的成年人对四项二级预防指南的接受情况。将这些比率与代表相同年龄范围的普通人群样本的比率进行比较。
在两年内，22%的有智力和发育障碍的成年人进行了定期健康检查（相比之下，没有智力和发育障碍的成年人这一比例为26.4%）。有智力和发育障碍的成年人接受针对所研究的三种癌症（结直肠癌、乳腺癌和宫颈癌）的推荐年龄和性别特异性筛查的可能性较小。
安大略省有智力和发育障碍的成年人在二级预防方面存在差异。随着该省及其他地区初级保健服务提供方式和二级预防建议的不断变化，有必要密切监测对有智力和发育障碍的成年人的影响，并做出专门努力以增加其获得服务的机会。
