Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada/Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Mult Scler. 2015 Mar;21(3):342-9. doi: 10.1177/1352458514564486. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
Several studies have suggested that comorbid neurologic disorders are more common than expected in multiple sclerosis (MS).
To estimate the incidence and prevalence of comorbid seizure disorders and sleep disorders in persons with MS and to evaluate the quality of studies included.
The PUBMED, EMBASE, Web of Knowledge, and SCOPUS databases, conference proceedings, and reference lists of retrieved articles were searched. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts to identify relevant articles, followed by full-text review of selected articles. We assessed included studies qualitatively and quantitatively (I² statistic), and conducted meta-analyses among population-based studies.
We reviewed 32 studies regarding seizure disorders. Among population-based studies the incidence of seizure disorders was 2.28% (95% CI: 1.11-3.44%), while the prevalence was 3.09% (95% CI: 2.01-4.16%). For sleep disorders we evaluated 18 studies; none were population-based. The prevalence ranged from 0-1.6% for narcolepsy, 14.4-57.5% for restless legs syndrome, 2.22-3.2% for REM behavior disorder, and 7.14-58.1% for obstructive sleep apnea.
This review suggests that seizure disorders and sleep disorders are common in MS, but highlights gaps in the epidemiological knowledge of these conditions in MS worldwide. Other than central-western Europe and North America, most regions are understudied.
多项研究表明，多发性硬化症（MS）患者合并神经障碍的情况比预期更为常见。
评估 MS 患者合并癫痫和睡眠障碍的发病率和患病率，并评估纳入研究的质量。
检索 PUBMED、EMBASE、Web of Knowledge 和 SCOPUS 数据库、会议记录以及检索文章的参考文献列表。两位审查员独立筛选摘要以确定相关文章，然后对选定文章进行全文审查。我们对纳入的研究进行定性和定量评估（I² 统计量），并对基于人群的研究进行荟萃分析。
我们回顾了 32 项关于癫痫的研究。在基于人群的研究中，癫痫的发病率为 2.28%（95%CI：1.11-3.44%），而患病率为 3.09%（95%CI：2.01-4.16%）。对于睡眠障碍，我们评估了 18 项研究；没有一项是基于人群的。嗜睡症的患病率范围为 0-1.6%，不宁腿综合征为 14.4-57.5%，快速眼动行为障碍为 2.22-3.2%，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停为 7.14-58.1%。
本综述表明，癫痫和睡眠障碍在 MS 中很常见，但突显了全球范围内对这些疾病在 MS 中流行病学知识的不足。除了中-西欧和北美外，大多数地区的研究都不足。
