Norell Kristin, Läthén Klas Brorsson, Bergström Peter, Rice Allyson, Natu Vaidehi, O'Toole Alice
Forensic Audio and Digital Imaging, Swedish National Laboratory of Forensic Science, SE-58194, Linkoping, Sweden.
J Forensic Sci. 2015 Mar;60(2):331-40. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.12660. Epub 2014 Dec 23.
Images of perpetrators in surveillance video footage are often used as evidence in court. In this study, identification accuracy was compared for forensic experts and untrained persons in facial image comparisons as well as the impact of image quality. Participants viewed thirty image pairs and were asked to rate the level of support garnered from their observations for concluding whether or not the two images showed the same person. Forensic experts reached their conclusions with significantly fewer errors than did untrained participants. They were also better than novices at determining when two high-quality images depicted the same person. Notably, lower image quality led to more careful conclusions by experts, but not for untrained participants. In summary, the untrained participants had more false negatives and false positives than experts, which in the latter case could lead to a higher risk of an innocent person being convicted for an untrained witness.
监控视频中的犯罪者图像常被用作法庭证据。在本研究中，对法医专家和未经训练的人员在面部图像比较中的识别准确性以及图像质量的影响进行了比较。参与者观看了30对图像，并被要求根据他们的观察结果对得出两张图像是否显示同一人的结论所获得的支持程度进行评分。法医专家得出结论时的错误明显少于未经训练的参与者。在判断两张高质量图像是否描绘同一人方面，他们也比新手表现更好。值得注意的是，图像质量较低会使专家得出更谨慎的结论，但未经训练的参与者并非如此。总之，未经训练的参与者比专家有更多的假阴性和假阳性，在后一种情况下，可能会导致无辜者因未经训练的证人而被定罪的风险更高。
