Knutson Keith L, Karyampudi Lavakumar, Lamichhane Purushottam, Preston Claudia
Cancer Vaccines and Immune Therapies Program, The Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, 9801 SW Discovery Way, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34949, USA,
Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2015 Mar;34(1):53-74. doi: 10.1007/s10555-014-9540-2.
Clinical outcomes, such as recurrence-free survival and overall survival, in ovarian cancer are quite variable, independent of common characteristics such as stage, response to therapy, and grade. This disparity in outcomes warrants further exploration and therapeutic targeting into the interaction between the tumor and host. One compelling host characteristic that contributes both to the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer is the immune system. Hundreds of studies have confirmed a prominent role for the immune system in modifying the clinical course of the disease. Recent studies also show that anti-tumor immunity is often negated by immune regulatory cells present in the tumor microenvironment. Regulatory immune cells also directly enhance the pathogenesis through the release of various cytokines and chemokines, which together form an integrated pathological network. Thus, in the future, research into immunotherapy targeting ovarian cancer will probably become increasingly focused on combination approaches that simultaneously augment immunity while preventing local immune suppression. In this article, we summarize important immunological targets that influence ovarian cancer outcome as well as include an update on newer immunotherapeutic strategies.
卵巢癌的临床结局，如无复发生存期和总生存期，差异很大，与分期、对治疗的反应和分级等常见特征无关。这种结局的差异值得进一步探索，并针对肿瘤与宿主之间的相互作用进行治疗靶向研究。免疫系统是一个促使卵巢癌发生和进展的引人注目的宿主特征。数百项研究证实了免疫系统在改变疾病临床进程中发挥的重要作用。最近的研究还表明，抗肿瘤免疫常常被肿瘤微环境中存在的免疫调节细胞所抵消。调节性免疫细胞还通过释放各种细胞因子和趋化因子直接促进发病机制，这些因子共同形成一个综合的病理网络。因此，未来针对卵巢癌的免疫治疗研究可能会越来越集中在联合方法上，即同时增强免疫力，又防止局部免疫抑制。在本文中，我们总结了影响卵巢癌结局的重要免疫靶点，并介绍了最新的免疫治疗策略。
