Ionică Angela Monica, Matei Ioana Adriana, Mircean Viorica, Dumitrache Mirabela Oana, D'Amico Gianluca, Győrke Adriana, Pantchev Nikola, Annoscia Giada, Albrechtová Kateřina, Otranto Domenico, Modrý David, Mihalca Andrei Daniel
Department of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372, Cluj-Napoca, Romania,
Parasitol Res. 2015 Mar;114(3):975-82. doi: 10.1007/s00436-014-4263-4. Epub 2014 Dec 30.
During the last decades, Dirofilaria spp. infection in European dogs has rapidly spread from historically endemic areas towards eastern and northeastern countries, but little or no information is available from these geographical regions. The present study provides a picture of filarial infections in dogs from Romania and compares two tests for the diagnosis of Dirofilaria immitis. From July 2010 to March 2011, blood samples were collected from 390 dogs from nine counties of Romania and serological SNAP tests were performed for the detection of D. immitis antigen. The remaining blood clots were subsequently used for DNA extraction followed by multiplex PCR for assessing filarioid species diversity (i.e. D. immitis, Dirofilaria repens and Acanthocheilonema reconditum). Based on molecular detection, an overall prevalence of 6.92 % (n = 27; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 4.70-10.03 %) for D. repens, 6.15 % (n = 24; 95 % CI 4.07-9.14 %) for D. immitis and 2.05 % (n = 8; 95 % CI 0.96-4.16 %) for A. reconditum was recorded, with significant variations according to sampling areas. Coinfections of D. immitis and D. repens were recorded in 23.91 % (n = 11) positive dogs. A slightly higher prevalence for D. immitis was detected at the SNAP test (n = 28, 7.17 %; 95 % CI 4.91-10.33 %), but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.66). However, only 53.57 % (n = 15) of antigen-positive dogs were confirmed by PCR, while other dogs (n = 9) PCR positive for D. immitis were negative at the serology. The present study shows that Dirofilaria species are endemic in the southern and southeastern areas of Romania, This article also provides, for the first time, an epidemiological picture of the distribution of A. reconditum in Romania.
在过去几十年间，欧洲犬类中的恶丝虫属感染已从历史流行地区迅速蔓延至东部和东北部国家，但这些地理区域的相关信息很少或几乎没有。本研究呈现了罗马尼亚犬类丝虫感染的情况，并比较了两种诊断犬恶丝虫的检测方法。2010年7月至2011年3月，从罗马尼亚9个县的390只犬采集血样，进行血清学SNAP检测以检测犬恶丝虫抗原。剩余血凝块随后用于DNA提取，接着进行多重PCR以评估丝状线虫物种多样性（即犬恶丝虫、匐行恶丝虫和隐匿棘唇线虫）。基于分子检测，匐行恶丝虫的总体感染率为6.92%（n = 27；95%置信区间（CI）4.70 - 10.03%），犬恶丝虫为6.15%（n = 24；95% CI 4.07 - 9.14%），隐匿棘唇线虫为2.05%（n = 8；95% CI 0.96 - 4.16%），不同采样地区存在显著差异。在23.91%（n = 11）的阳性犬中记录到犬恶丝虫和匐行恶丝虫的混合感染。SNAP检测中犬恶丝虫的感染率略高（n = 28，7.17%；95% CI 4.91 - 10.33%），但该差异无统计学意义（p = 0.66）。然而，只有53.57%（n = 15）的抗原阳性犬通过PCR得到确认，而其他犬恶丝虫PCR阳性的犬（n = 9）血清学检测为阴性。本研究表明恶丝虫属在罗马尼亚南部和东南部地区为地方流行，本文还首次提供了罗马尼亚隐匿棘唇线虫分布的流行病学情况。
