Van Larebeke Nik, Sioen Isabelle, Hond Elly Den, Nelen Vera, Van de Mieroop Els, Nawrot Tim, Bruckers Liesbeth, Schoeters Greet, Baeyens Willy
Free University of Brussels (VUB), Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry (ANCH), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
Ghent University, Department of Public Health, UZ-2 Blok A, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2015 Mar;218(2):232-45. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.11.002. Epub 2014 Dec 4.
In this paper, based on the Flemish biomonitoring programs, we describe the associations between internal exposure to organochlorine pollutants and to cadmium (measured in 2004-2005 for adults aged 50-65 years) and self-reported health status obtained through a questionnaire in November 2011. Dioxin-like activity in serum showed a significant positive association with risk of cancer for women. After adjustment for confounders and covariates, the odds ratio for an exposure equal to the 90th percentile was 2.4 times higher than for an exposure equal to the 10th percentile. For both men and women dioxin-like activity and serum hexachlorobenzene (HCB) showed a significant positive association with risk of diabetes and of hypertension. Detailed analysis suggested that an increase in BMI might be part of the mechanism through which HCB contributes to diabetes and hypertension. Serum dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) concentration showed a significant positive association with diabetes and hypertension in men, but not in women. Serum polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 118 showed a significant positive association with diabetes in both men and women, and after adjustment for correlated exposures, also with hypertension in men. Urinary cadmium concentrations showed a significant positive association with hypertension. Urinary cadmium concentrations were (in 2004-2005) significantly higher in persons who felt in less than good health (in 2011) than in persons who felt in very good health. After adjustment for correlated exposures (to HCB, p,p'-DDE and PCB118) marker PCBs showed a significant negative association with diabetes and hypertension. Serum p,p'-DDE showed in men a significant negative association with risk of diseases based on atheromata. Our findings suggest that exposure to pollutants can lead to an important increase in the risk of diseases such as cancer, diabetes and hypertension. Some pollutants may possibly also decrease the risk of some health problems, although this requires confirmation by other approaches.
在本文中，基于佛兰德生物监测项目，我们描述了有机氯污染物和镉的体内暴露（于2004 - 2005年对50 - 65岁成年人进行测量）与2011年11月通过问卷调查获得的自我报告健康状况之间的关联。血清中的二恶英样活性与女性患癌风险呈显著正相关。在对混杂因素和协变量进行调整后，暴露水平等于第90百分位数时的比值比是暴露水平等于第10百分位数时的2.4倍。对于男性和女性而言，二恶英样活性和血清六氯苯（HCB）与糖尿病和高血压风险均呈显著正相关。详细分析表明，体重指数（BMI）的增加可能是六氯苯导致糖尿病和高血压的部分机制。血清中p,p'-二氯二苯二氯乙烯（p,p'-DDE）浓度与男性的糖尿病和高血压呈显著正相关，但与女性无关。血清多氯联苯（PCB）118与男性和女性的糖尿病均呈显著正相关，在对相关暴露因素进行调整后，与男性的高血压也呈正相关。尿镉浓度与高血压呈显著正相关。在（2011年）感觉健康状况不佳的人群中，（2004 - 2005年）尿镉浓度显著高于感觉健康状况极佳的人群。在对相关暴露因素（六氯苯、p,p'-DDE和PCB118）进行调整后，标记多氯联苯与糖尿病和高血压呈显著负相关。血清p,p'-DDE在男性中与基于动脉粥样硬化的疾病风险呈显著负相关。我们的研究结果表明，接触污染物会导致患癌症、糖尿病和高血压等疾病的风险显著增加。一些污染物可能也会降低某些健康问题的风险，不过这需要通过其他方法来证实。
