Murad Manal A, Abdulmageed Samia S, Iftikhar Rahila, Sagga Bayan Khaled
Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 42806, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Public Health Nursing, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.
Int J Endocrinol. 2014;2014:616145. doi: 10.1155/2014/616145. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
Risk factor management is important in avoiding life-threatening complications and preventing new-onset diabetes. We performed a case-control study in 2013 at ten primary health care centers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia to determine the common risk factors of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and the demographic background of adult Saudi patients with DM2. Known diabetic patients were recruited as cases, while nondiabetic attendants were selected as controls. A pretested designed questionnaire was used to collect data from 159 cases and 128 controls. Cases were more likely than controls to be men (P < 0.0001), less educated (P < 0.0001), natives of eastern Saudi Arabia (P < 0.0001), retired (P < 0.0001), lower-salaried (P < 0.0001), or married or divorced (P < 0.0001). By univariate analysis cases were likely to be current smokers (P < 0.0001), hypertensive (P < 0.0001), or overweight/obese (P < 0.0001). Cases were also more likely to have a history of DM in a first-degree relative (P = 0.020). By multivariate analysis, cases were more likely to be older than 40 years (P < 0.0001), less educated (P = 0.05), married or divorced (P = 0.04), jobless/housewives (P < 0.0001), or current smokers (P = 0.002). They were also more likely to have salaries <7000 Saudi riyals (P = 0.01). Overall, prediabetic and high risk groups should be identified and counseled early before the occurrence of diabetes.
危险因素管理对于避免危及生命的并发症和预防新发糖尿病至关重要。2013年，我们在沙特阿拉伯吉达的十个初级卫生保健中心开展了一项病例对照研究，以确定2型糖尿病（DM2）的常见危险因素以及成年沙特DM2患者的人口统计学背景。已知的糖尿病患者被招募为病例，而非糖尿病就诊者被选为对照。使用经过预测试设计的问卷从159例病例和128例对照中收集数据。病例比对照更有可能是男性（P<0.0001）、受教育程度较低（P<0.0001）、沙特阿拉伯东部本地人（P<0.0001）、退休人员（P<0.0001）、薪资较低（P<0.0001）或已婚或离异（P<0.0001）。通过单因素分析，病例更有可能是当前吸烟者（P<0.0001）、高血压患者（P<0.0001）或超重/肥胖者（P<0.0001）。病例也更有可能有一级亲属患糖尿病的病史（P = 0.020）。通过多因素分析，病例更有可能年龄超过40岁（P<0.0001）、受教育程度较低（P = 0.05）、已婚或离异（P = 0.04）、无业/家庭主妇（P<0.0001）或当前吸烟者（P = 0.002）。他们的薪资也更有可能低于7000沙特里亚尔（P = 0.01）。总体而言，应在糖尿病发生之前尽早识别并咨询糖尿病前期和高危人群。
