Delannoy Matthieu, Schwarz Jessica, Fournier Agnès, Rychen Guido, Feidt Cyril
UR AFPA, Université de Lorraine, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; UR AFPA, INRA USC 340, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
PLoS One. 2014 Dec 30;9(12):e115759. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115759. eCollection 2014.
Young children with their hand-to-mouth activity may be exposed to contaminated soils. However few studies assessing exposure of organic compounds sequestrated in soil were realized. The present study explores the impact of different organic matters on retention of NDL-PCBs during digestive processes using commercial humic substances in a close digestive model of children: the piglet. Six artificial soils were used. One standard soil, devoid of organic matter, and five amended versions of this standard soil with either fulvic acid, humic acid, Sphagnum peat, activated carbon or a mix of Sphagnum peat and activated carbon (95∶5) (SPAC) were prepared. In order to compare the different treatments, we use spiked oil and negative control animals. Forty male piglets were randomly distributed in 7 contaminated and one control groups (n = 5 for each group). During 10 days, the piglets were fed artificial soil or a corn oil spiked with 19,200 ng of Aroclor 1254 per g of dry matter (6,000 ng.g⁻¹ of NDL-PCBs) to achieve an exposure dose of 1,200 ng NDL-PCBs.Kg⁻¹ of body weight per day. NDL-PCBs in adipose tissue were analyzed by GC-MS. Fulvic acid reduced slightly the bioavailability of NDL-PCBs compared to oil. Humic acid and Sphagnum peat reduced it significantly higher whereas activated carbon reduced the most. Piglets exposed to soil containing both activated carbon and Shagnum peat exhibited a lower reduction than soil with only activated carbon. Therefore, treatment groups are ordered by decreasing value of relative bioavailability as following: oil ≥ fulvic acid>Sphagnum peat ≥ Sphagnum peat and activated carbon ≥ Humic acid>>activated carbon. This suggests competition between Sphagnum peat and activated carbon. The present study highlights that quality of organic matter does have a significant effect on bioavailability of sequestrated organic compounds.
年幼的孩子有手放到嘴里的行为，可能会接触到受污染的土壤。然而，很少有研究评估土壤中螯合的有机化合物的暴露情况。本研究在仔猪这一儿童消化模型中，使用商业腐殖质来探究不同有机物对消化过程中NDL-多氯联苯保留的影响。使用了六种人工土壤。一种是不含有机物的标准土壤，以及该标准土壤的五个改良版本，分别添加了富里酸、腐殖酸、泥炭藓泥炭、活性炭或泥炭藓泥炭与活性炭的混合物（95∶5）（SPAC）。为了比较不同处理，我们使用了加标油和阴性对照动物。40只雄性仔猪被随机分为7个污染组和1个对照组（每组n = 5）。在10天时间里，给仔猪喂食人工土壤或每克干物质中添加19200 ng Aroclor 1254（6000 ng·g⁻¹的NDL-多氯联苯）的玉米油，以达到每天1200 ng NDL-多氯联苯·kg⁻¹体重的暴露剂量。通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析脂肪组织中的NDL-多氯联苯。与油相比，富里酸略微降低了NDL-多氯联苯的生物利用度。腐殖酸和泥炭藓泥炭显著降低得更多，而活性炭降低得最多。暴露于含有活性炭和泥炭藓泥炭的土壤中的仔猪，其降低程度低于仅含活性炭的土壤。因此，处理组按相对生物利用度值从高到低排序如下：油≥富里酸>泥炭藓泥炭≥泥炭藓泥炭和活性炭≥腐殖酸>>活性炭。这表明泥炭藓泥炭和活性炭之间存在竞争。本研究强调，有机物的质量确实对螯合有机化合物的生物利用度有显著影响。
