Bokman Christine L, Pasquale Louis R, Parrish Richard K, Lee Richard K
Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America.
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2014 Dec 30;9(12):e115942. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115942. eCollection 2014.
To evaluate the presence of clinical signs consistent with suspected glaucoma in Haitian Afro-Caribbean individuals residing in South Florida who do not receive regular eye examinations.
Retrospective, cross-sectional study.
Community health center in the Little Haiti district of Miami, Florida.
We reviewed medical records and screening forms from five health screenings between October 2011 to October 2013 of 939 Afro-Caribbean individuals older than 18 years, who were never diagnosed with glaucoma or had an eye examination within the last ten years.
Measurements of distance visual acuity (VA), intraocular eye pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT), cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), frequency doubling technology (FDT) perimeter visual field (VF).
Proportion of glaucoma suspects, based on IOP greater than or equal to 24 mm Hg or CDR greater than or equal to 0.7 in either eye, and determinants of CDR and IOP.
One hundred ninety-one (25.5%) of 750 patients were identified as glaucoma suspects. Glaucoma suspects were common in both the youngest and oldest age groups (<40 years, 20.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 17.9-23.9; >70 years, 25.0%; 95% CI, 21.8-28.2) and higher in men than women less than 70 years; the reverse was true after 70 years. Among all patients, mean IOP was 19.2±4.5 mmHg, mean CDR was 0.37±0.17, and mean CCT was 532±37.1 µm. In multiple linear stepwise regression analysis, determinates of increased CDR included increasing age (P = 0.004), lack of insurance (P = 0.019), and higher IOP (P<0.001), while increasing CDR (P<0.001) and thicker CCT (P<0.001) were associated with higher IOP.
This first glaucoma survey in a U.S. Haitian Afro-Caribbean population indicates glaucoma suspect status is high across all age groups, and suggests glaucoma monitoring in people less than 40 years of age is indicated in this population.
评估居住在南佛罗里达州未接受定期眼部检查的海地非裔加勒比人中与疑似青光眼相符的临床体征的存在情况。
回顾性横断面研究。
佛罗里达州迈阿密小海地地区的社区健康中心。
我们回顾了2011年10月至2013年10月期间对939名18岁以上从未被诊断患有青光眼或在过去十年内未进行过眼部检查的非裔加勒比人的五次健康筛查的病历和筛查表格。
测量远视力（VA）、眼压（IOP）、中央角膜厚度（CCT）、杯盘比（CDR）、频率加倍技术（FDT）周边视野（VF）。
根据一只眼的眼压大于或等于24 mmHg或杯盘比大于或等于0.7确定青光眼疑似患者的比例，以及杯盘比和眼压的决定因素。
750名患者中有191名（25.5%）被确定为青光眼疑似患者。青光眼疑似患者在最年轻和最年长的年龄组中都很常见（<40岁，20.9%；95%置信区间[CI]，17.9 - 23.9；>70岁，25.0%；95%CI，21.8 - 28.2），在70岁以下男性中高于女性；70岁以后情况相反。在所有患者中，平均眼压为19.2±4.5 mmHg，平均杯盘比为0.37±0.17，平均中央角膜厚度为532±37.1 µm。在多元线性逐步回归分析中，杯盘比增加的决定因素包括年龄增长（P = 0.004）、无保险（P = 0.019）和眼压升高（P<0.001），而杯盘比增加（P<0.001）和中央角膜厚度增厚（P<0.001）与眼压升高有关。
这项针对美国海地非裔加勒比人群的首次青光眼调查表明，所有年龄组中青光眼疑似患者的比例都很高，并表明该人群中40岁以下的人需要进行青光眼监测。
