Laboratory of Civil Engineering (LECIV-CCT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
Laboratory of Civil Engineering (LECIV-CCT), Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2015 Apr 1;511:815-28. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.098. Epub 2014 Dec 29.
This paper presents an overview of water resource management in Brazil, in particular the state of Rio de Janeiro, and in the European Union, with an emphasis on member country Portugal. The study examines the primary laws, governing bodies and water resource plans. The paper describes the concerns and interests of the scientific community and other sectors of society with regard to water resource management. The paper also draws attention to challenges and opportunities concerning the main objective of water resource management, which is to ensure the availability of water of high quality and sustainable quantity. Additionally, it also mentions good and poor management practices. Among the concerns highlighted are integrated water resource management and water resource monitoring. The objective of this study was to contribute to water resource management processes. The primary reasons for this study are the growing scarcity of freshwater in the world, recurrent problems in managing this resource and a desire to contribute to the improvement of the current situation. The study of water management in different contexts allows for a greater understanding of the subject, thereby assisting the decision-making of managers and society in general with regard to environmental quality and ecological and human health. There is an increasing interest in efficient water resource management, which creates a demand for information on the subject. Both Brazil and the European Union are facing problems related to quantity and quality of water. Problems like scarcity of freshwater, contamination, salinization, and floods. This makes the realities of them quite close, despite the physical distance between them. In general, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, the European Union and Portugal have similar water resource management requirements. If these regions are to supply a consistent quantity of high-quality water to present and future generations, then they need effective laws and plans, efficient managing agencies, political interest and economic resources. Investments in research and developing water resource management plans are inefficient measures if they are not implemented with special emphasis on monitoring and inspection.
本文概述了巴西，特别是里约热内卢，以及欧盟，特别是成员国葡萄牙的水资源管理情况。研究考察了主要法律、管理机构和水资源规划。本文描述了科学界和社会其他部门对水资源管理的关注和利益。本文还提请注意水资源管理的主要目标，即确保高质量和可持续数量的水资源供应所面临的挑战和机遇。此外，还提到了良好和不良的管理实践。所强调的关切包括水资源综合管理和水资源监测。本研究的目的是为水资源管理进程做出贡献。进行这项研究的主要原因是世界淡水资源日益短缺，管理这一资源的问题反复出现，以及希望为改善现状做出贡献。在不同背景下研究水资源管理，可以更深入地了解这一主题，从而协助管理者和整个社会在环境质量以及生态和人类健康方面做出决策。人们对高效水资源管理越来越感兴趣，这就产生了对该主题信息的需求。巴西和欧盟都面临着与水的数量和质量有关的问题。淡水短缺、污染、盐化和洪水等问题。尽管它们之间存在物理距离，但这使得它们的现实情况非常接近。总的来说，巴西、里约热内卢、欧盟和葡萄牙对水资源管理有类似的要求。如果这些地区要为当代和后代提供持续稳定的高质量水资源，那么它们就需要有效的法律和规划、高效的管理机构、政治利益和经济资源。如果没有特别强调监测和检查，那么投资研究和制定水资源管理计划的措施将是低效的。
