Schmidt Anja, Schmid Marc W, Grossniklaus Ueli
Institute of Plant Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Centre, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zürich CH-8008, Switzerland
Institute of Plant Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Centre, University of Zürich, Zollikerstrasse 107, Zürich CH-8008, Switzerland.
Development. 2015 Jan 15;142(2):229-41. doi: 10.1242/dev.102103.
The life cycle of flowering plants alternates between two heteromorphic generations: a diploid sporophytic generation and a haploid gametophytic generation. During the development of the plant reproductive lineages - the germlines - typically, single sporophytic (somatic) cells in the flower become committed to undergo meiosis. The resulting spores subsequently develop into highly polarized and differentiated haploid gametophytes that harbour the gametes. Recent studies have provided insights into the genetic basis and regulatory programs underlying cell specification and the acquisition of reproductive fate during both sexual reproduction and asexual (apomictic) reproduction. As we review here, these recent advances emphasize the importance of transcriptional, translational and post-transcriptional regulation, and the role of epigenetic regulatory pathways and hormonal activity.
二倍体孢子体世代和单倍体配子体世代。在植物生殖谱系（种系）的发育过程中，通常花中的单个孢子体（体细胞）细胞会进行减数分裂。产生的孢子随后发育成高度极化和分化的单倍体配子体，其中含有配子。最近的研究深入了解了有性生殖和无性（无融合生殖）生殖过程中细胞特化和生殖命运获得的遗传基础和调控程序。正如我们在此回顾的，这些最新进展强调了转录、翻译和转录后调控的重要性，以及表观遗传调控途径和激素活性的作用。
