Rosenman Kenneth
Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Apr;15(2):131-6. doi: 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000140.
To examine the current occurrence of respiratory and skin disease in workers who do metal machining with metal working fluids (MWFs), a common work process in manufacturing.
A summary of the 27 recognized outbreaks of respiratory disease in workers exposed to MWFs was published. New studies have identified irritative symptoms among workers with low-level exposures. There were review articles discussing the content, measurement and control of microbial agents in MWFs.
The occurrence of work-related asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis appears to have diminished in the last 10 years. This is presumed to be secondary to lower air levels from the use of newer machining equipment, which are enclosed and have local ventilation as well as better control of microbial contaminants. However, clinicians need to be aware that at the minimum irritative symptoms of the upper respiratory tract are still being reported at these lower exposure levels and there remains the possibility of the development of asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Given the widespread use of MWFs in manufacturing facilities, clinicians need to consider the possibility that MWFs are the cause or are aggravating the respiratory and dermatologic conditions of their patients.
研究在制造业中使用金属加工液（MWF）进行金属加工的工人中呼吸系统和皮肤疾病的当前发病情况，这是一种常见的工作流程。
已发表了一份关于27起已确认的接触MWF工人呼吸系统疾病暴发事件的总结。新研究已确定低水平接触的工人中存在刺激性症状。有综述文章讨论了MWF中微生物制剂的含量、测量和控制。
在过去10年中，与工作相关的哮喘和过敏性肺炎的发病情况似乎有所减少。据推测，这是由于使用了更新的加工设备，其为封闭式且具有局部通风，同时对微生物污染物的控制更好，从而使空气中的含量降低。然而，临床医生需要意识到，在这些较低的接触水平下，至少仍有上呼吸道刺激性症状的报告，并且哮喘和过敏性肺炎仍有可能发生。鉴于MWF在制造设施中的广泛使用，临床医生需要考虑MWF可能是其患者呼吸系统和皮肤病状况的病因或加重因素。
