Centre for Zoonoses and Environmental Microbiology, Netherlands National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , Netherlands.
Medical Entomology Group, MRA, Emergency Response Department, Public Health England , Salisbury , UK.
Front Public Health. 2014 Dec 22;2:280. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00280. eCollection 2014.
Owing to the complex nature of vector-borne diseases (VBDs), whereby monitoring of human case patients does not suffice, public health authorities experience challenges in surveillance and control of VBDs. Knowledge on the presence and distribution of vectors and the pathogens that they transmit is vital to the risk assessment process to permit effective early warning, surveillance, and control of VBDs. Upon accepting this reality, public health authorities face an ever-increasing range of possible surveillance targets and an associated prioritization process. Here, we propose a comprehensive approach that integrates three surveillance strategies: population-based surveillance, disease-based surveillance, and context-based surveillance for EU member states to tailor the best surveillance strategy for control of VBDs in their geographic region. By classifying the surveillance structure into five different contexts, we hope to provide guidance in optimizing surveillance efforts. Contextual surveillance strategies for VBDs entail combining organization and data collection approaches that result in disease intelligence rather than a preset static structure.
由于虫媒传染病 (VBD) 的复杂性，仅监测人类病例患者是不够的，因此公共卫生当局在 VBD 的监测和控制方面面临挑战。了解媒介和传播它们的病原体的存在和分布对于风险评估过程至关重要，以便对 VBD 进行有效的早期预警、监测和控制。在认识到这一现实后，公共卫生当局面临着越来越多的可能监测目标和相关的优先级排序过程。在这里，我们为欧盟成员国提出了一种综合方法，该方法整合了三种监测策略：基于人群的监测、基于疾病的监测和基于背景的监测，以针对其地理区域量身定制控制 VBD 的最佳监测策略。通过将监测结构分为五个不同的背景，我们希望为优化监测工作提供指导。VBD 的基于背景的监测策略需要结合组织和数据收集方法，以产生疾病情报，而不是预设的静态结构。
