疾病易感性进化研究的十个问题。
Ten questions for evolutionary studies of disease vulnerability.
作者信息
Nesse Randolph M
机构信息
Departments of Psychiatry and Psychology, Institute for Social Research, The University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
出版信息
Evol Appl. 2011 Mar;4(2):264-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00181.x. Epub 2011 Jan 17.
Abstract
Many evolutionary applications in medicine rely on well-established methods, such as population genetics, phylogenetic analysis, and observing pathogen evolution. Approaches to evolutionary questions about traits that leave bodies vulnerable to disease are less well developed. Strategies for formulating questions and hypotheses remain unsettled, and methods for testing evolutionary hypotheses are unfamiliar to many in medicine. This article uses recent examples to illustrate successful strategies and some common challenges. Ten questions arise in the course of considering hypotheses about traits that leave bodies vulnerable to disease. Addressing them systematically can help minimize confusion and errors.
摘要
医学中的许多进化应用都依赖于成熟的方法，如群体遗传学、系统发育分析以及观察病原体进化。对于那些使身体易患疾病的性状的进化问题，其研究方法则发展得不太完善。关于这些性状的进化问题，提出问题和假设的策略仍未确定，而且许多医学领域的人对检验进化假设的方法并不熟悉。本文通过最近的例子来说明成功的策略和一些常见的挑战。在思考使身体易患疾病的性状的假设过程中会出现十个问题。系统地解决这些问题有助于尽量减少混淆和错误。
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