Meng Fanxing, Spence Charles
State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, China; Crossmodal Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK.
State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, China.
Accid Anal Prev. 2015 Feb;75:333-46. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2014.12.013. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
The last few years have seen growing interest in the design of tactile warning signals to direct driver attention to potentially dangerous road situations (e.g. an impending crash) so that they can initiate an avoidance maneuver in a timely manner. In this review, we highlight the potential uses of such warning signals for future collision warning systems and compare them with more traditional visual and auditory warnings. Basic tactile warning signals are capable of promoting driver alertness, which has been demonstrated to be beneficial for forward collision avoidance (when compared to a no warning baseline condition). However, beyond their basic alerting function, directional tactile warning signals are now increasingly being utilized to shift the attention of the driver toward locations of interest, and thus to further facilitate their speeded responses to potential collision events. Currently, many researchers are focusing their efforts on the development of meaningful (iconic) tactile warning signals. For instance, dynamic tactile warnings (varying in their intensity and/or location) can potentially be used to convey meaningful information to drivers. Finally, we highlight the future research that will be needed in order to explore how to present multiple directional warnings using dynamic tactile cues, thus forming an integrated collision avoidance system for future in-vehicle use.
在过去几年中，人们对触觉警示信号的设计越来越感兴趣，这些信号旨在引导驾驶员注意潜在危险的道路情况（例如即将发生的碰撞），以便他们能够及时启动避险操作。在本综述中，我们强调此类警示信号在未来碰撞预警系统中的潜在用途，并将其与更传统的视觉和听觉警示进行比较。基本的触觉警示信号能够提高驾驶员的警觉性，这已被证明有利于避免前方碰撞（与无警示的基线条件相比）。然而，除了其基本的警示功能外，定向触觉警示信号现在越来越多地被用于将驾驶员的注意力转移到感兴趣的位置，从而进一步促进他们对潜在碰撞事件的快速反应。目前，许多研究人员正致力于开发有意义的（标志性的）触觉警示信号。例如，动态触觉警示（强度和/或位置有所变化）有可能用于向驾驶员传达有意义的信息。最后，我们强调未来需要开展的研究，以探索如何使用动态触觉线索呈现多个定向警示，从而形成一个供未来车内使用的集成式防撞系统。
