Yakubu M T, Salimon S S
Phytomedicine, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Phytomedicine, Toxicology and Reproductive Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Apr 2;163:135-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.12.060. Epub 2015 Jan 6.
Mangifera indica L. leaves have a long history of indigenous use, as an antidiarrhoeal agent among others, without any scientific study that has substantiated or refuted this claim. Therefore, the aims of this study were to determine the secondary metabolites in the aqueous extract of Mangifera indica leaves and its acclaimed antidiarrhoeal activity in rats.
The aqueous leaf extract of Mangifera indica was screened for its constituent secondary plant metabolites. In each of the diarrhoeal models, female albino rats were assigned into 5 groups (A, B, C, D and E) containing five animals each such that rats in groups A and B were the positive and negative controls respectively while those in groups C, D and E received 25, 50 and 100mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively in addition to specific requirements of the model.
The extract contained alkaloids (4.20mg/g), flavonoids (13.60mg/g), phenolics (1.50mg/g) and saponins (3.10mg/g) while tannins, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides and steroids were not detected. In the castor oil-induced diarrhoeal model, the onset time of diarrhoea was significantly prolonged by the 25 and 50mg/kg body weight whereas there was no episode in the 100mg/kg body weight treated animals. The extract (25 and 50mg/kg body weight) decreased the number, water content, fresh weight and total number of wet feaces and increased the inhibition of defecations. All the doses of the extract significantly increased the Na(+) -K(+) ATPase activity in the small intestine. The extract dose dependently decreased the masses and volume of intestinal fluid with corresponding increase in inhibition of intestinal fluid content in the castor oil-induced enteropooling model. The extract also reduced the distance travelled by charcoal meal in the 30min gastrointestinal transit model. All these changes were similar to the reference drugs with the 100mg/kg body weight of the extract exhibiting the most profound antidiarrhoeal activity.
The study concluded that the aqueous extract of Mangifera indica leaves possess antidiarrhoeal activity in chemical induced diarrhoeal models and thus justifies its age long folkloric use in managing diarrhoea. The presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins and enhancement of Na(+) -K(+) ATPase activity might play roles in the antidiarrhoeal activity of the plant extract.
芒果叶在当地有着悠久的使用历史，其中作为止泻剂使用，但尚无任何科学研究证实或反驳这一说法。因此，本研究的目的是确定芒果叶水提取物中的次生代谢产物及其在大鼠中声称的止泻活性。
对芒果叶水提取物进行次生植物代谢产物成分筛选。在每种腹泻模型中，将雌性白化大鼠分为5组（A、B、C、D和E），每组5只动物，使得A组和B组大鼠分别为阳性和阴性对照，而C组、D组和E组大鼠除模型的特定要求外，分别接受25、50和100mg/kg体重的提取物。
提取物含有生物碱（4.20mg/g）、黄酮类化合物（13.60mg/g）、酚类化合物（1.50mg/g）和皂苷（3.10mg/g），而未检测到单宁、蒽醌、强心苷和甾体。在蓖麻油诱导的腹泻模型中，25和50mg/kg体重可显著延长腹泻的起始时间，而100mg/kg体重处理的动物未出现腹泻。提取物（25和50mg/kg体重）减少了粪便的数量、含水量、鲜重和总湿粪数，并增加了对排便的抑制。提取物的所有剂量均显著增加小肠中Na(+) -K(+) ATP酶活性。在蓖麻油诱导的肠积液模型中，提取物剂量依赖性地降低肠液的质量和体积，同时相应增加对肠液含量的抑制。提取物还减少了炭末在30分钟胃肠转运模型中的移动距离。所有这些变化与参比药物相似，100mg/kg体重的提取物表现出最显著的止泻活性。
该研究得出结论，芒果叶水提取物在化学诱导的腹泻模型中具有止泻活性，因此证明了其长期以来在治疗腹泻方面的民间应用是合理的。生物碱、黄酮类化合物、酚类化合物、皂苷的存在以及Na(+) -K(+) ATP酶活性的增强可能在植物提取物的止泻活性中发挥作用。
